LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - gdk - gdk_bat.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: coverage.info Lines: 1259 1705 73.8 %
Date: 2024-04-25 20:03:45 Functions: 35 40 87.5 %

          Line data    Source code
       1             : /*
       2             :  * SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
       3             :  *
       4             :  * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
       5             :  * License, v. 2.0.  If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
       6             :  * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
       7             :  *
       8             :  * Copyright 2024 MonetDB Foundation;
       9             :  * Copyright August 2008 - 2023 MonetDB B.V.;
      10             :  * Copyright 1997 - July 2008 CWI.
      11             :  */
      12             : 
      13             : /*
      14             :  * @a M. L. Kersten, P. Boncz, N. Nes
      15             :  * @* BAT Module
      16             :  * In this Chapter we describe the BAT implementation in more detail.
      17             :  * The routines mentioned are primarily meant to simplify the library
      18             :  * implementation.
      19             :  *
      20             :  * @+ BAT Construction
      21             :  * BATs are implemented in several blocks of memory, prepared for disk
      22             :  * storage and easy shipment over a network.
      23             :  *
      24             :  * The BAT starts with a descriptor, which indicates the required BAT
      25             :  * library version and the BAT administration details.  In particular,
      26             :  * it describes the binary relationship maintained and the location of
      27             :  * fields required for storage.
      28             :  *
      29             :  * The general layout of the BAT in this implementation is as follows.
      30             :  * Each BAT comes with a heap for the loc-size buns and, optionally,
      31             :  * with heaps to manage the variable-sized data items of both
      32             :  * dimensions.  The buns are assumed to be stored as loc-size objects.
      33             :  * This is essentially an array of structs to store the associations.
      34             :  * The size is determined at BAT creation time using an upper bound on
      35             :  * the number of elements to be accommodated.  In case of overflow,
      36             :  * its storage space is extended automatically.
      37             :  *
      38             :  * The capacity of a BAT places an upper limit on the number of BUNs
      39             :  * to be stored initially. The actual space set aside may be quite
      40             :  * large.  Moreover, the size is aligned to int boundaries to speedup
      41             :  * access and avoid some machine limitations.
      42             :  *
      43             :  * Initialization of the variable parts rely on type specific routines
      44             :  * called atomHeap.
      45             :  */
      46             : #include "monetdb_config.h"
      47             : #include "gdk.h"
      48             : #include "gdk_private.h"
      49             : #include "mutils.h"
      50             : 
      51             : #ifdef ALIGN
      52             : #undef ALIGN
      53             : #endif
      54             : #define ALIGN(n,b)      ((b)?(b)*(1+(((n)-1)/(b))):n)
      55             : 
      56             : #define ATOMneedheap(tpe) (BATatoms[tpe].atomHeap != NULL)
      57             : 
      58             : BAT *
      59    15696054 : BATcreatedesc(oid hseq, int tt, bool heapnames, role_t role, uint16_t width)
      60             : {
      61    15696054 :         BAT *bn;
      62             : 
      63             :         /*
      64             :          * Alloc space for the BAT and its dependent records.
      65             :          */
      66    15696054 :         assert(tt >= 0);
      67             : 
      68    15696054 :         bn = GDKmalloc(sizeof(BAT));
      69             : 
      70    15697464 :         if (bn == NULL)
      71             :                 return NULL;
      72             : 
      73             :         /*
      74             :          * Fill in basic column info
      75             :          */
      76    15697464 :         *bn = (BAT) {
      77             :                 .hseqbase = hseq,
      78             : 
      79             :                 .ttype = tt,
      80             :                 .tkey = false,
      81             :                 .tnonil = true,
      82             :                 .tnil = false,
      83    15697464 :                 .tsorted = ATOMlinear(tt),
      84             :                 .trevsorted = ATOMlinear(tt),
      85             :                 .tseqbase = oid_nil,
      86             :                 .tminpos = BUN_NONE,
      87             :                 .tmaxpos = BUN_NONE,
      88             :                 .tunique_est = 0.0,
      89             : 
      90             :                 .batRole = role,
      91             :                 .batTransient = true,
      92             :                 .batRestricted = BAT_WRITE,
      93             :         };
      94             : 
      95    15697464 :         if (heapnames) {
      96     8889392 :                 if ((bn->theap = GDKmalloc(sizeof(Heap))) == NULL) {
      97           0 :                         GDKfree(bn);
      98           0 :                         return NULL;
      99             :                 }
     100    17775899 :                 *bn->theap = (Heap) {
     101     8887859 :                         .farmid = BBPselectfarm(role, bn->ttype, offheap),
     102             :                         .dirty = true,
     103             :                 };
     104             : 
     105     8888040 :                 if (ATOMneedheap(tt)) {
     106      612879 :                         if ((bn->tvheap = GDKmalloc(sizeof(Heap))) == NULL) {
     107           0 :                                 GDKfree(bn->theap);
     108           0 :                                 GDKfree(bn);
     109           0 :                                 return NULL;
     110             :                         }
     111      612687 :                         *bn->tvheap = (Heap) {
     112      612726 :                                 .farmid = BBPselectfarm(role, bn->ttype, varheap),
     113             :                                 .dirty = true,
     114             :                         };
     115             :                 }
     116             :         }
     117             :         /*
     118             :          * add to BBP
     119             :          */
     120    15695920 :         if (BBPinsert(bn) == 0) {
     121           0 :                 GDKfree(bn->tvheap);
     122           0 :                 GDKfree(bn->theap);
     123           0 :                 GDKfree(bn);
     124           0 :                 return NULL;
     125             :         }
     126    15695175 :         if (bn->theap) {
     127     8888149 :                 bn->theap->parentid = bn->batCacheid;
     128     8888149 :                 ATOMIC_INIT(&bn->theap->refs, 1);
     129     8888149 :                 const char *nme = BBP_physical(bn->batCacheid);
     130     8888149 :                 settailname(bn->theap, nme, tt, width);
     131             : 
     132     8887057 :                 if (bn->tvheap) {
     133      612760 :                         bn->tvheap->parentid = bn->batCacheid;
     134      612760 :                         ATOMIC_INIT(&bn->tvheap->refs, 1);
     135      612760 :                         strconcat_len(bn->tvheap->filename,
     136             :                                       sizeof(bn->tvheap->filename),
     137             :                                       nme, ".theap", NULL);
     138             :                 }
     139             :         }
     140    15693975 :         char name[MT_NAME_LEN];
     141    15693975 :         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "heaplock%d", bn->batCacheid); /* fits */
     142    15693975 :         MT_lock_init(&bn->theaplock, name);
     143    15694333 :         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "BATlock%d", bn->batCacheid); /* fits */
     144    15694333 :         MT_lock_init(&bn->batIdxLock, name);
     145    15696324 :         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "hashlock%d", bn->batCacheid); /* fits */
     146    15696324 :         MT_rwlock_init(&bn->thashlock, name);
     147    15697820 :         return bn;
     148             : }
     149             : 
     150             : uint8_t
     151    17805975 : ATOMelmshift(int sz)
     152             : {
     153    17805975 :         uint8_t sh;
     154    17805975 :         int i = sz >> 1;
     155             : 
     156    36242537 :         for (sh = 0; i != 0; sh++) {
     157    18436562 :                 i >>= 1;
     158             :         }
     159    17805975 :         return sh;
     160             : }
     161             : 
     162             : 
     163             : void
     164     8889243 : BATsetdims(BAT *b, uint16_t width)
     165             : {
     166     8889243 :         b->twidth = b->ttype == TYPE_str ? width > 0 ? width : 1 : ATOMsize(b->ttype);
     167     8889243 :         b->tshift = ATOMelmshift(b->twidth);
     168     8889243 :         assert_shift_width(b->tshift, b->twidth);
     169     8889243 : }
     170             : 
     171             : const char *
     172        1242 : BATtailname(const BAT *b)
     173             : {
     174        1242 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_str) {
     175         325 :                 switch (b->twidth) {
     176         235 :                 case 1:
     177         235 :                         return "tail1";
     178          75 :                 case 2:
     179          75 :                         return "tail2";
     180          15 :                 case 4:
     181             : #if SIZEOF_VAR_T == 8
     182          15 :                         return "tail4";
     183             :                 case 8:
     184             : #endif
     185             :                         break;
     186             :                 default:
     187           0 :                         MT_UNREACHABLE();
     188             :                 }
     189             :         }
     190             :         return "tail";
     191             : }
     192             : 
     193             : void
     194     8948742 : settailname(Heap *restrict tail, const char *restrict physnme, int tt, int width)
     195             : {
     196     8948742 :         if (tt == TYPE_str) {
     197      644937 :                 switch (width) {
     198      595396 :                 case 0:
     199             :                 case 1:
     200      595396 :                         strconcat_len(tail->filename,
     201             :                                       sizeof(tail->filename), physnme,
     202             :                                       ".tail1", NULL);
     203      595396 :                         return;
     204       45590 :                 case 2:
     205       45590 :                         strconcat_len(tail->filename,
     206             :                                       sizeof(tail->filename), physnme,
     207             :                                       ".tail2", NULL);
     208       45590 :                         return;
     209        3951 :                 case 4:
     210             : #if SIZEOF_VAR_T == 8
     211        3951 :                         strconcat_len(tail->filename,
     212             :                                       sizeof(tail->filename), physnme,
     213             :                                       ".tail4", NULL);
     214        3951 :                         return;
     215             :                 case 8:
     216             : #endif
     217             :                         break;
     218             :                 default:
     219           0 :                         MT_UNREACHABLE();
     220             :                 }
     221             :         }
     222     8303805 :         strconcat_len(tail->filename, sizeof(tail->filename), physnme,
     223             :                       ".tail", NULL);
     224             : }
     225             : 
     226             : /*
     227             :  * @- BAT allocation
     228             :  * Allocate BUN heap and variable-size atomheaps (see e.g. strHeap).
     229             :  * We now initialize new BATs with their heapname such that the
     230             :  * modified HEAPalloc/HEAPextend primitives can possibly use memory
     231             :  * mapped files as temporary heap storage.
     232             :  *
     233             :  * In case of huge bats, we want HEAPalloc to write a file to disk,
     234             :  * and memory map it. To make this possible, we must provide it with
     235             :  * filenames.
     236             :  */
     237             : BAT *
     238     8888327 : COLnew2(oid hseq, int tt, BUN cap, role_t role, uint16_t width)
     239             : {
     240     8888327 :         BAT *bn;
     241             : 
     242     8888327 :         assert(cap <= BUN_MAX);
     243     8888327 :         assert(hseq <= oid_nil);
     244     8888327 :         assert(tt != TYPE_bat);
     245     8888327 :         ERRORcheck((tt < 0) || (tt > GDKatomcnt), "tt error\n", NULL);
     246             : 
     247             :         /* round up to multiple of BATTINY */
     248     8888327 :         if (cap < BUN_MAX - BATTINY)
     249     8888524 :                 cap = (cap + BATTINY - 1) & ~(BATTINY - 1);
     250     8888327 :         if (ATOMstorage(tt) == TYPE_msk) {
     251      136335 :                 if (cap < 8*BATTINY)
     252             :                         cap = 8*BATTINY;
     253             :                 else
     254       50729 :                         cap = (cap + 31) & ~(BUN)31;
     255     8751992 :         } else if (cap < BATTINY)
     256             :                 cap = BATTINY;
     257             :         /* limit the size */
     258     3439391 :         if (cap > BUN_MAX)
     259             :                 cap = BUN_MAX;
     260             : 
     261     8888327 :         bn = BATcreatedesc(hseq, tt, true, role, width);
     262     8888125 :         if (bn == NULL)
     263             :                 return NULL;
     264             : 
     265     8888125 :         BATsetdims(bn, width);
     266     8888531 :         bn->batCapacity = cap;
     267             : 
     268     8888531 :         if (ATOMstorage(tt) == TYPE_msk)
     269      136335 :                 cap /= 8;       /* 8 values per byte */
     270             : 
     271             :         /* alloc the main heaps */
     272     8888531 :         if (tt && HEAPalloc(bn->theap, cap, bn->twidth) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
     273           0 :                 goto bailout;
     274             :         }
     275             : 
     276     8887343 :         if (bn->tvheap && width == 0 && ATOMheap(tt, bn->tvheap, cap) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
     277           0 :                 HEAPfree(bn->theap, true);
     278           0 :                 goto bailout;
     279             :         }
     280     8887385 :         DELTAinit(bn);
     281     8887753 :         if (BBPcacheit(bn, true) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
     282             :                 /* cannot happen, function always returns success */
     283           0 :                 goto bailout;
     284             :         }
     285     8888917 :         TRC_DEBUG(ALGO, "-> " ALGOBATFMT "\n", ALGOBATPAR(bn));
     286             :         return bn;
     287           0 :   bailout:
     288           0 :         BBPclear(bn->batCacheid);
     289           0 :         return NULL;
     290             : }
     291             : 
     292             : BAT *
     293     8669410 : COLnew(oid hseq, int tt, BUN cap, role_t role)
     294             : {
     295     8669410 :         return COLnew2(hseq, tt, cap, role, 0);
     296             : }
     297             : 
     298             : BAT *
     299     3930509 : BATdense(oid hseq, oid tseq, BUN cnt)
     300             : {
     301     3930509 :         BAT *bn;
     302             : 
     303     3930509 :         bn = COLnew(hseq, TYPE_void, 0, TRANSIENT);
     304     3930470 :         if (bn != NULL) {
     305     3930470 :                 BATtseqbase(bn, tseq);
     306     3930378 :                 BATsetcount(bn, cnt);
     307     3930159 :                 TRC_DEBUG(ALGO, OIDFMT "," OIDFMT "," BUNFMT
     308             :                           "-> " ALGOBATFMT "\n", hseq, tseq, cnt,
     309             :                           ALGOBATPAR(bn));
     310             :         }
     311     3930159 :         return bn;
     312             : }
     313             : 
     314             : BAT *
     315           0 : BATattach(int tt, const char *heapfile, role_t role)
     316             : {
     317           0 :         BAT *bn;
     318           0 :         char *p;
     319           0 :         size_t m;
     320           0 :         FILE *f;
     321             : 
     322           0 :         ERRORcheck(tt <= 0 , "bad tail type (<=0)\n", NULL);
     323           0 :         ERRORcheck(ATOMvarsized(tt) && ATOMstorage(tt) != TYPE_str, "bad tail type (varsized and not str)\n", NULL);
     324           0 :         ERRORcheck(heapfile == NULL, "bad heapfile name\n", NULL);
     325             : 
     326           0 :         if ((f = MT_fopen(heapfile, "rb")) == NULL) {
     327           0 :                 GDKsyserror("BATattach: cannot open %s\n", heapfile);
     328           0 :                 return NULL;
     329             :         }
     330           0 :         if (ATOMstorage(tt) == TYPE_str) {
     331           0 :                 size_t n;
     332           0 :                 char *s;
     333           0 :                 int c, u;
     334             : 
     335           0 :                 if ((bn = COLnew(0, tt, 0, role)) == NULL) {
     336           0 :                         fclose(f);
     337           0 :                         return NULL;
     338             :                 }
     339           0 :                 m = 4096;
     340           0 :                 n = 0;
     341           0 :                 u = 0;
     342           0 :                 s = p = GDKmalloc(m);
     343           0 :                 if (p == NULL) {
     344           0 :                         fclose(f);
     345           0 :                         BBPreclaim(bn);
     346           0 :                         return NULL;
     347             :                 }
     348           0 :                 while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
     349           0 :                         if (n == m) {
     350           0 :                                 m += 4096;
     351           0 :                                 s = GDKrealloc(p, m);
     352           0 :                                 if (s == NULL) {
     353           0 :                                         GDKfree(p);
     354           0 :                                         BBPreclaim(bn);
     355           0 :                                         fclose(f);
     356           0 :                                         return NULL;
     357             :                                 }
     358           0 :                                 p = s;
     359           0 :                                 s = p + n;
     360             :                         }
     361           0 :                         if (c == '\n' && n > 0 && s[-1] == '\r') {
     362             :                                 /* deal with CR-LF sequence */
     363           0 :                                 s[-1] = c;
     364             :                         } else {
     365           0 :                                 *s++ = c;
     366           0 :                                 n++;
     367             :                         }
     368           0 :                         if (u) {
     369           0 :                                 if ((c & 0xC0) == 0x80)
     370           0 :                                         u--;
     371             :                                 else
     372           0 :                                         goto notutf8;
     373           0 :                         } else if ((c & 0xF8) == 0xF0)
     374             :                                 u = 3;
     375           0 :                         else if ((c & 0xF0) == 0xE0)
     376             :                                 u = 2;
     377           0 :                         else if ((c & 0xE0) == 0xC0)
     378             :                                 u = 1;
     379           0 :                         else if ((c & 0x80) == 0x80)
     380           0 :                                 goto notutf8;
     381           0 :                         else if (c == 0) {
     382           0 :                                 if (BUNappend(bn, p, false) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
     383           0 :                                         BBPreclaim(bn);
     384           0 :                                         fclose(f);
     385           0 :                                         GDKfree(p);
     386           0 :                                         return NULL;
     387             :                                 }
     388             :                                 s = p;
     389             :                                 n = 0;
     390             :                         }
     391             :                 }
     392           0 :                 fclose(f);
     393           0 :                 GDKfree(p);
     394           0 :                 if (n > 0) {
     395           0 :                         BBPreclaim(bn);
     396           0 :                         GDKerror("last string is not null-terminated\n");
     397           0 :                         return NULL;
     398             :                 }
     399             :         } else {
     400           0 :                 struct stat st;
     401           0 :                 int atomsize;
     402           0 :                 BUN cap;
     403           0 :                 lng n;
     404             : 
     405           0 :                 if (fstat(fileno(f), &st) < 0) {
     406           0 :                         GDKsyserror("BATattach: cannot stat %s\n", heapfile);
     407           0 :                         fclose(f);
     408           0 :                         return NULL;
     409             :                 }
     410           0 :                 atomsize = ATOMsize(tt);
     411           0 :                 if (st.st_size % atomsize != 0) {
     412           0 :                         fclose(f);
     413           0 :                         GDKerror("heapfile size not integral number of atoms\n");
     414           0 :                         return NULL;
     415             :                 }
     416           0 :                 if (ATOMstorage(tt) == TYPE_msk ?
     417             :                     (st.st_size > (off_t) (BUN_MAX / 8)) :
     418           0 :                     ((size_t) (st.st_size / atomsize) > (size_t) BUN_MAX)) {
     419           0 :                         fclose(f);
     420           0 :                         GDKerror("heapfile too large\n");
     421           0 :                         return NULL;
     422             :                 }
     423           0 :                 cap = (BUN) (ATOMstorage(tt) == TYPE_msk ?
     424           0 :                              st.st_size * 8 :
     425           0 :                              st.st_size / atomsize);
     426           0 :                 bn = COLnew(0, tt, cap, role);
     427           0 :                 if (bn == NULL) {
     428           0 :                         fclose(f);
     429           0 :                         return NULL;
     430             :                 }
     431           0 :                 p = Tloc(bn, 0);
     432           0 :                 n = (lng) st.st_size;
     433           0 :                 while (n > 0 && (m = fread(p, 1, (size_t) MIN(1024*1024, n), f)) > 0) {
     434           0 :                         p += m;
     435           0 :                         n -= m;
     436             :                 }
     437           0 :                 fclose(f);
     438           0 :                 if (n > 0) {
     439           0 :                         GDKerror("couldn't read the complete file\n");
     440           0 :                         BBPreclaim(bn);
     441           0 :                         return NULL;
     442             :                 }
     443           0 :                 BATsetcount(bn, cap);
     444           0 :                 bn->tnonil = cap == 0;
     445           0 :                 bn->tnil = false;
     446           0 :                 bn->tseqbase = oid_nil;
     447           0 :                 if (cap > 1) {
     448           0 :                         bn->tsorted = false;
     449           0 :                         bn->trevsorted = false;
     450           0 :                         bn->tkey = false;
     451             :                 } else {
     452           0 :                         bn->tsorted = ATOMlinear(tt);
     453           0 :                         bn->trevsorted = ATOMlinear(tt);
     454           0 :                         bn->tkey = true;
     455             :                 }
     456             :         }
     457             :         return bn;
     458             : 
     459           0 :   notutf8:
     460           0 :         fclose(f);
     461           0 :         BBPreclaim(bn);
     462           0 :         GDKfree(p);
     463           0 :         GDKerror("input is not UTF-8\n");
     464           0 :         return NULL;
     465             : }
     466             : 
     467             : /*
     468             :  * If the BAT runs out of storage for BUNS it will reallocate space.
     469             :  * For memory mapped BATs we simple extend the administration after
     470             :  * having an assurance that the BAT still can be safely stored away.
     471             :  */
     472             : BUN
     473       21183 : BATgrows(BAT *b)
     474             : {
     475       21183 :         BUN oldcap, newcap;
     476             : 
     477       21183 :         BATcheck(b, 0);
     478             : 
     479       21183 :         newcap = oldcap = BATcapacity(b);
     480       21183 :         if (newcap < BATTINY)
     481             :                 newcap = 2 * BATTINY;
     482       21183 :         else if (newcap < 10 * BATTINY)
     483       19780 :                 newcap = 4 * newcap;
     484        1403 :         else if (newcap < 50 * BATTINY)
     485         827 :                 newcap = 2 * newcap;
     486         576 :         else if ((double) newcap * BATMARGIN <= (double) BUN_MAX)
     487         574 :                 newcap = (BUN) ((double) newcap * BATMARGIN);
     488             :         else
     489             :                 newcap = BUN_MAX;
     490       21183 :         if (newcap == oldcap) {
     491           0 :                 if (newcap <= BUN_MAX - 10)
     492           0 :                         newcap += 10;
     493             :                 else
     494             :                         newcap = BUN_MAX;
     495             :         }
     496       21183 :         if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_msk) /* round up to multiple of 32 */
     497           0 :                 newcap = (newcap + 31) & ~(BUN)31;
     498             :         return newcap;
     499             : }
     500             : 
     501             : /*
     502             :  * The routine should ensure that the BAT keeps its location in the
     503             :  * BAT buffer.
     504             :  *
     505             :  * Overflow in the other heaps are dealt with in the atom routines.
     506             :  * Here we merely copy their references into the new administration
     507             :  * space.
     508             :  */
     509             : gdk_return
     510      178999 : BATextend(BAT *b, BUN newcap)
     511             : {
     512      178999 :         size_t theap_size;
     513      178999 :         gdk_return rc = GDK_SUCCEED;
     514             : 
     515      178999 :         assert(newcap <= BUN_MAX);
     516      178999 :         BATcheck(b, GDK_FAIL);
     517             :         /*
     518             :          * The main issue is to properly predict the new BAT size.
     519             :          * storage overflow. The assumption taken is that capacity
     520             :          * overflow is rare. It is changed only when the position of
     521             :          * the next available BUN surpasses the free area marker.  Be
     522             :          * aware that the newcap should be greater than the old value,
     523             :          * otherwise you may easily corrupt the administration of
     524             :          * malloc.
     525             :          */
     526      178999 :         if (newcap <= BATcapacity(b)) {
     527             :                 return GDK_SUCCEED;
     528             :         }
     529             : 
     530       29533 :         if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_msk) {
     531        1335 :                 newcap = (newcap + 31) & ~(BUN)31; /* round up to multiple of 32 */
     532        1335 :                 theap_size = (size_t) (newcap / 8); /* in bytes */
     533             :         } else {
     534       28198 :                 theap_size = (size_t) newcap << b->tshift;
     535             :         }
     536             : 
     537       29533 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
     538       29515 :         if (b->theap->base) {
     539       29515 :                 TRC_DEBUG(HEAP, "HEAPgrow in BATextend %s %zu %zu\n",
     540             :                           b->theap->filename, b->theap->size, theap_size);
     541       29515 :                 rc = HEAPgrow(&b->theap, theap_size, b->batRestricted == BAT_READ);
     542       29532 :                 if (rc == GDK_SUCCEED)
     543       29532 :                         b->batCapacity = newcap;
     544             :         } else {
     545           0 :                 b->batCapacity = newcap;
     546             :         }
     547       29532 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
     548             : 
     549       29530 :         return rc;
     550             : }
     551             : 
     552             : 
     553             : 
     554             : /*
     555             :  * @+ BAT destruction
     556             :  * BATclear quickly removes all elements from a BAT. It must respect
     557             :  * the transaction rules; so stable elements must be moved to the
     558             :  * "deleted" section of the BAT (they cannot be fully deleted
     559             :  * yet). For the elements that really disappear, we must free
     560             :  * heapspace and unfix the atoms if they have fix/unfix handles. As an
     561             :  * optimization, in the case of no stable elements, we quickly empty
     562             :  * the heaps by copying a standard small empty image over them.
     563             :  */
     564             : gdk_return
     565         410 : BATclear(BAT *b, bool force)
     566             : {
     567         410 :         BUN p, q;
     568             : 
     569         410 :         BATcheck(b, GDK_FAIL);
     570             : 
     571         410 :         if (!force && b->batInserted > 0) {
     572           0 :                 GDKerror("cannot clear committed BAT\n");
     573           0 :                 return GDK_FAIL;
     574             :         }
     575             : 
     576         410 :         TRC_DEBUG(ALGO, ALGOBATFMT "\n", ALGOBATPAR(b));
     577             : 
     578             :         /* kill all search accelerators */
     579         410 :         HASHdestroy(b);
     580         410 :         IMPSdestroy(b);
     581         410 :         OIDXdestroy(b);
     582         410 :         STRMPdestroy(b);
     583         410 :         RTREEdestroy(b);
     584         410 :         PROPdestroy(b);
     585             : 
     586         410 :         bat tvp = 0;
     587             : 
     588             :         /* we must dispose of all inserted atoms */
     589         410 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
     590         410 :         if (force && BATatoms[b->ttype].atomDel == NULL) {
     591         403 :                 assert(b->tvheap == NULL || b->tvheap->parentid == b->batCacheid);
     592             :                 /* no stable elements: we do a quick heap clean */
     593             :                 /* need to clean heap which keeps data even though the
     594             :                    BUNs got removed. This means reinitialize when
     595             :                    free > 0
     596             :                 */
     597         403 :                 if (b->tvheap && b->tvheap->free > 0) {
     598          21 :                         Heap *th = GDKmalloc(sizeof(Heap));
     599             : 
     600          21 :                         if (th == NULL) {
     601           0 :                                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
     602           0 :                                 return GDK_FAIL;
     603             :                         }
     604          21 :                         *th = (Heap) {
     605          21 :                                 .farmid = b->tvheap->farmid,
     606          21 :                                 .parentid = b->tvheap->parentid,
     607             :                                 .dirty = true,
     608          21 :                                 .hasfile = b->tvheap->hasfile,
     609             :                         };
     610          21 :                         strcpy_len(th->filename, b->tvheap->filename, sizeof(th->filename));
     611          21 :                         if (ATOMheap(b->ttype, th, 0) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
     612           0 :                                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
     613           0 :                                 return GDK_FAIL;
     614             :                         }
     615          21 :                         tvp = b->tvheap->parentid;
     616          21 :                         ATOMIC_INIT(&th->refs, 1);
     617          21 :                         HEAPdecref(b->tvheap, false);
     618          21 :                         b->tvheap = th;
     619             :                 }
     620             :         } else {
     621             :                 /* do heap-delete of all inserted atoms */
     622           7 :                 void (*tatmdel)(Heap*,var_t*) = BATatoms[b->ttype].atomDel;
     623             : 
     624             :                 /* TYPE_str has no del method, so we shouldn't get here */
     625           7 :                 assert(tatmdel == NULL || b->twidth == sizeof(var_t));
     626           0 :                 if (tatmdel) {
     627           0 :                         BATiter bi = bat_iterator_nolock(b);
     628             : 
     629           0 :                         for (p = b->batInserted, q = BATcount(b); p < q; p++)
     630           0 :                                 (*tatmdel)(b->tvheap, (var_t*) BUNtloc(bi,p));
     631           0 :                         b->tvheap->dirty = true;
     632             :                 }
     633             :         }
     634             : 
     635         410 :         b->batInserted = 0;
     636         410 :         b->batCount = 0;
     637         410 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_void)
     638           0 :                 b->batCapacity = 0;
     639         410 :         b->theap->free = 0;
     640         410 :         BAThseqbase(b, 0);
     641         410 :         BATtseqbase(b, ATOMtype(b->ttype) == TYPE_oid ? 0 : oid_nil);
     642         410 :         b->theap->dirty = true;
     643         410 :         b->tnonil = true;
     644         410 :         b->tnil = false;
     645         410 :         b->tsorted = b->trevsorted = ATOMlinear(b->ttype);
     646         410 :         b->tnosorted = b->tnorevsorted = 0;
     647         410 :         b->tkey = true;
     648         410 :         b->tnokey[0] = b->tnokey[1] = 0;
     649         410 :         b->tminpos = b->tmaxpos = BUN_NONE;
     650         410 :         b->tunique_est = 0;
     651         410 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
     652         410 :         if (tvp != 0 && tvp != b->batCacheid)
     653           0 :                 BBPrelease(tvp);
     654             :         return GDK_SUCCEED;
     655             : }
     656             : 
     657             : /* free a cached BAT; leave the bat descriptor cached */
     658             : void
     659      450631 : BATfree(BAT *b)
     660             : {
     661      450631 :         if (b == NULL)
     662             :                 return;
     663             : 
     664             :         /* deallocate all memory for a bat */
     665      450631 :         MT_rwlock_rdlock(&b->thashlock);
     666      450631 :         BUN nunique = BUN_NONE;
     667      450631 :         if (b->thash && b->thash != (Hash *) 1) {
     668        1768 :                 nunique = b->thash->nunique;
     669             :         }
     670      450631 :         MT_rwlock_rdunlock(&b->thashlock);
     671      450631 :         HASHfree(b);
     672      450631 :         IMPSfree(b);
     673      450631 :         OIDXfree(b);
     674      450631 :         STRMPfree(b);
     675      450631 :         RTREEfree(b);
     676      450631 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
     677      450631 :         if (nunique != BUN_NONE) {
     678        1768 :                 b->tunique_est = (double) nunique;
     679             :         }
     680             :         /* wait until there are no other references to the heap; a
     681             :          * reference is possible in e.g. BBPsync that uses a
     682             :          * bat_iterator directly on the BBP_desc, i.e. without fix */
     683      450631 :         while (b->theap && (ATOMIC_GET(&b->theap->refs) & HEAPREFS) > 1) {
     684           0 :                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
     685           0 :                 MT_sleep_ms(1);
     686      450631 :                 MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
     687             :         }
     688      450631 :         if (b->theap) {
     689      450631 :                 assert((ATOMIC_GET(&b->theap->refs) & HEAPREFS) == 1);
     690      450631 :                 assert(b->theap->parentid == b->batCacheid);
     691      450631 :                 HEAPfree(b->theap, false);
     692             :         }
     693             :         /* wait until there are no other references to the heap; a
     694             :          * reference is possible in e.g. BBPsync that uses a
     695             :          * bat_iterator directly on the BBP_desc, i.e. without fix */
     696       27889 :         while (b->tvheap && (ATOMIC_GET(&b->tvheap->refs) & HEAPREFS) > 1) {
     697           0 :                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
     698           0 :                 MT_sleep_ms(1);
     699      450631 :                 MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
     700             :         }
     701      450631 :         if (b->tvheap) {
     702       27889 :                 assert((ATOMIC_GET(&b->tvheap->refs) & HEAPREFS) == 1);
     703       27889 :                 assert(b->tvheap->parentid == b->batCacheid);
     704       27889 :                 HEAPfree(b->tvheap, false);
     705             :         }
     706      450631 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
     707             : }
     708             : 
     709             : /* free a cached BAT descriptor */
     710             : void
     711    15726244 : BATdestroy(BAT *b)
     712             : {
     713    15726244 :         if (b->tvheap) {
     714       26058 :                 ATOMIC_DESTROY(&b->tvheap->refs);
     715       26058 :                 GDKfree(b->tvheap);
     716             :         }
     717    15726244 :         PROPdestroy_nolock(b);
     718    15725258 :         MT_lock_destroy(&b->theaplock);
     719    15724868 :         MT_lock_destroy(&b->batIdxLock);
     720    15723362 :         MT_rwlock_destroy(&b->thashlock);
     721    15723580 :         if (b->theap) {
     722      444306 :                 ATOMIC_DESTROY(&b->theap->refs);
     723      444306 :                 GDKfree(b->theap);
     724             :         }
     725    15723441 :         if (b->oldtail) {
     726           0 :                 ATOMIC_AND(&b->oldtail->refs, ~DELAYEDREMOVE);
     727             :                 /* the bat has not been committed, so we cannot remove
     728             :                  * the old tail file */
     729           0 :                 HEAPdecref(b->oldtail, false);
     730           0 :                 b->oldtail = NULL;
     731             :         }
     732    15723441 :         GDKfree(b);
     733    15726654 : }
     734             : 
     735             : /*
     736             :  * @+ BAT copying
     737             :  *
     738             :  * BAT copying is an often used operation. So it deserves attention.
     739             :  * When making a copy of a BAT, the following aspects are of
     740             :  * importance:
     741             :  *
     742             :  * - the requested head and tail types. The purpose of the copy may be
     743             :  *   to slightly change these types (e.g. void <-> oid). We may also
     744             :  *   remap between types as long as they share the same
     745             :  *   ATOMstorage(type), i.e. the types have the same physical
     746             :  *   implementation. We may even want to allow 'dirty' trick such as
     747             :  *   viewing a flt-column suddenly as int.
     748             :  *
     749             :  *   To allow such changes, the desired column-types is a
     750             :  *   parameter of COLcopy.
     751             :  *
     752             :  * - access mode. If we want a read-only copy of a read-only BAT, a
     753             :  *   VIEW may do (in this case, the user may be after just an
     754             :  *   independent BAT header and id). This is indicated by the
     755             :  *   parameter (writable = FALSE).
     756             :  *
     757             :  *   In other cases, we really want an independent physical copy
     758             :  *   (writable = TRUE).  Changing the mode to BAT_WRITE will be a
     759             :  *   zero-cost operation if the BAT was copied with (writable = TRUE).
     760             :  *
     761             :  * In GDK, the result is a BAT that is BAT_WRITE iff (writable ==
     762             :  * TRUE).
     763             :  *
     764             :  * In these cases the copy becomes a logical view on the original,
     765             :  * which ensures that the original cannot be modified or destroyed
     766             :  * (which could affect the shared heaps).
     767             :  */
     768             : static bool
     769         403 : wrongtype(int t1, int t2)
     770             : {
     771             :         /* check if types are compatible. be extremely forgiving */
     772         403 :         if (t1 != TYPE_void) {
     773         403 :                 t1 = ATOMtype(ATOMstorage(t1));
     774         403 :                 t2 = ATOMtype(ATOMstorage(t2));
     775         403 :                 if (t1 != t2) {
     776         362 :                         if (ATOMvarsized(t1) ||
     777         362 :                             ATOMvarsized(t2) ||
     778         362 :                             t1 == TYPE_msk || t2 == TYPE_msk ||
     779         362 :                             ATOMsize(t1) != ATOMsize(t2) ||
     780         362 :                             BATatoms[t1].atomFix ||
     781         362 :                             BATatoms[t2].atomFix)
     782           0 :                                 return true;
     783             :                 }
     784             :         }
     785             :         return false;
     786             : }
     787             : 
     788             : /*
     789             :  * There are four main implementation cases:
     790             :  * (1) we are allowed to return a view (zero effort),
     791             :  * (2) the result is void,void (zero effort),
     792             :  * (3) we can copy the heaps (memcopy, or even VM page sharing)
     793             :  * (4) we must insert BUN-by-BUN into the result (fallback)
     794             :  * The latter case is still optimized for the case that the result
     795             :  * is bat[void,T] for a simple fixed-size type T. In that case we
     796             :  * do inline array[T] inserts.
     797             :  */
     798             : BAT *
     799       44277 : COLcopy(BAT *b, int tt, bool writable, role_t role)
     800             : {
     801       44277 :         bool slowcopy = false;
     802       44277 :         BAT *bn = NULL;
     803       44277 :         BATiter bi;
     804       44277 :         char strhash[GDK_STRHASHSIZE];
     805             : 
     806       44277 :         BATcheck(b, NULL);
     807       44277 :         assert(tt != TYPE_bat);
     808             : 
     809             :         /* maybe a bit ugly to change the requested bat type?? */
     810       44277 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_void && !writable)
     811       44277 :                 tt = TYPE_void;
     812             : 
     813       44277 :         if (tt != b->ttype && wrongtype(tt, b->ttype)) {
     814           0 :                 GDKerror("wrong tail-type requested\n");
     815           0 :                 return NULL;
     816             :         }
     817             : 
     818             :         /* in case of a string bat, we save the string heap hash table
     819             :          * while we have the lock so that we can restore it in the copy;
     820             :          * this is because during our operation, a parallel thread could
     821             :          * be adding strings to the vheap which would modify the hash
     822             :          * table and that would result in buckets containing values
     823             :          * beyond the original vheap that we're copying */
     824       44277 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
     825       44277 :         bi = bat_iterator_nolock(b);
     826       44277 :         if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_str && b->tvheap->free >= GDK_STRHASHSIZE)
     827       12149 :                 memcpy(strhash, b->tvheap->base, GDK_STRHASHSIZE);
     828             : 
     829             : #ifndef NDEBUG
     830       44277 :         bi.locked = true;
     831             : #endif
     832       44277 :         HEAPincref(bi.h);
     833       44278 :         if (bi.vh)
     834       15482 :                 HEAPincref(bi.vh);
     835       44278 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
     836             : 
     837             :         /* first try case (1); create a view, possibly with different
     838             :          * atom-types */
     839       44277 :         if (!writable &&
     840       44277 :             role == TRANSIENT &&
     841       18022 :             bi.restricted == BAT_READ &&
     842       13954 :             ATOMstorage(b->ttype) != TYPE_msk && /* no view on TYPE_msk */
     843       13954 :             (bi.h == NULL ||
     844       13954 :              bi.h->parentid == b->batCacheid ||
     845        3405 :              BBP_desc(bi.h->parentid)->batRestricted == BAT_READ)) {
     846       13953 :                 bn = VIEWcreate(b->hseqbase, b);
     847       13954 :                 if (bn == NULL) {
     848           0 :                         goto bunins_failed;
     849             :                 }
     850       13954 :                 if (tt != bn->ttype) {
     851          38 :                         bn->ttype = tt;
     852          38 :                         if (bn->tvheap && !ATOMvarsized(tt)) {
     853           0 :                                 if (bn->tvheap->parentid != bn->batCacheid)
     854           0 :                                         BBPrelease(bn->tvheap->parentid);
     855           0 :                                 HEAPdecref(bn->tvheap, false);
     856           0 :                                 bn->tvheap = NULL;
     857             :                         }
     858          38 :                         bn->tseqbase = ATOMtype(tt) == TYPE_oid ? bi.tseq : oid_nil;
     859             :                 }
     860       13954 :                 bat_iterator_end(&bi);
     861       13954 :                 return bn;
     862             :         } else {
     863             :                 /* check whether we need case (4); BUN-by-BUN copy (by
     864             :                  * setting slowcopy to true) */
     865       30324 :                 if (ATOMsize(tt) != ATOMsize(bi.type)) {
     866             :                         /* oops, void materialization */
     867             :                         slowcopy = true;
     868       29962 :                 } else if (BATatoms[tt].atomFix) {
     869             :                         /* oops, we need to fix/unfix atoms */
     870             :                         slowcopy = true;
     871       29962 :                 } else if (bi.h && bi.h->parentid != b->batCacheid &&
     872        5565 :                            BATcapacity(BBP_desc(bi.h->parentid)) > bi.count + bi.count) {
     873             :                         /* reduced slice view: do not copy too much
     874             :                          * garbage */
     875             :                         slowcopy = true;
     876       24557 :                 } else if (bi.vh && bi.vh->parentid != b->batCacheid &&
     877       10560 :                            BATcount(BBP_desc(bi.vh->parentid)) > bi.count + bi.count) {
     878             :                         /* reduced vheap view: do not copy too much
     879             :                          * garbage; this really is a heuristic since the
     880             :                          * vheap could be used completely, even if the
     881             :                          * offset heap is only (less than) half the size
     882             :                          * of the parent's offset heap */
     883        8199 :                         slowcopy = true;
     884             :                 }
     885             : 
     886       30324 :                 bn = COLnew2(b->hseqbase, tt, bi.count, role, bi.width);
     887       30324 :                 if (bn == NULL) {
     888           0 :                         goto bunins_failed;
     889             :                 }
     890       30324 :                 if (bn->tvheap != NULL && bn->tvheap->base == NULL) {
     891             :                         /* this combination can happen since the last
     892             :                          * argument of COLnew2 not being zero triggers a
     893             :                          * skip in the allocation of the tvheap */
     894       12417 :                         if (ATOMheap(bn->ttype, bn->tvheap, bn->batCapacity) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
     895           0 :                                 goto bunins_failed;
     896             :                         }
     897             :                 }
     898             : 
     899       30322 :                 if (tt == TYPE_void) {
     900             :                         /* case (2): a void,void result => nothing to
     901             :                          * copy! */
     902        1114 :                         bn->theap->free = 0;
     903       29208 :                 } else if (!slowcopy) {
     904             :                         /* case (3): just copy the heaps */
     905       21009 :                         if (bn->tvheap && HEAPextend(bn->tvheap, bi.vhfree, true) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
     906           0 :                                 goto bunins_failed;
     907             :                         }
     908       21011 :                         memcpy(bn->theap->base, bi.base, bi.hfree);
     909       21011 :                         bn->theap->free = bi.hfree;
     910       21011 :                         bn->theap->dirty = true;
     911       21011 :                         if (bn->tvheap) {
     912        9496 :                                 memcpy(bn->tvheap->base, bi.vh->base, bi.vhfree);
     913        9496 :                                 bn->tvheap->free = bi.vhfree;
     914        9496 :                                 bn->tvheap->dirty = true;
     915        9496 :                                 if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_str && bi.vhfree >= GDK_STRHASHSIZE)
     916        8744 :                                         memcpy(bn->tvheap->base, strhash, GDK_STRHASHSIZE);
     917             :                         }
     918             : 
     919             :                         /* make sure we use the correct capacity */
     920       21011 :                         if (ATOMstorage(bn->ttype) == TYPE_msk)
     921           0 :                                 bn->batCapacity = (BUN) (bn->theap->size * 8);
     922       21011 :                         else if (bn->ttype)
     923       21011 :                                 bn->batCapacity = (BUN) (bn->theap->size >> bn->tshift);
     924             :                         else
     925           0 :                                 bn->batCapacity = 0;
     926       16396 :                 } else if (BATatoms[tt].atomFix || tt != TYPE_void || ATOMextern(tt)) {
     927             :                         /* case (4): one-by-one BUN insert (really slow) */
     928        8199 :                         lng timeoffset = 0;
     929        8199 :                         QryCtx *qry_ctx = MT_thread_get_qry_ctx();
     930        8199 :                         if (qry_ctx != NULL) {
     931        6489 :                                 timeoffset = (qry_ctx->starttime && qry_ctx->querytimeout) ? (qry_ctx->starttime + qry_ctx->querytimeout) : 0;
     932             :                         }
     933             : 
     934     7367313 :                         TIMEOUT_LOOP_IDX_DECL(p, bi.count, timeoffset) {
     935     7342263 :                                 const void *t = BUNtail(bi, p);
     936             : 
     937     7341152 :                                 if (bunfastapp_nocheck(bn, t) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
     938           0 :                                         goto bunins_failed;
     939             :                                 }
     940             :                         }
     941        8197 :                         TIMEOUT_CHECK(timeoffset, GOTO_LABEL_TIMEOUT_HANDLER(bunins_failed));
     942        8197 :                         bn->theap->dirty |= bi.count > 0;
     943             :                 } else if (tt != TYPE_void && bi.type == TYPE_void) {
     944             :                         /* case (4): optimized for unary void
     945             :                          * materialization */
     946             :                         oid cur = bi.tseq, *dst = (oid *) Tloc(bn, 0);
     947             :                         const oid inc = !is_oid_nil(cur);
     948             : 
     949             :                         bn->theap->free = bi.count * sizeof(oid);
     950             :                         bn->theap->dirty |= bi.count > 0;
     951             :                         for (BUN p = 0; p < bi.count; p++) {
     952             :                                 dst[p] = cur;
     953             :                                 cur += inc;
     954             :                         }
     955             :                 } else if (ATOMstorage(bi.type) == TYPE_msk) {
     956             :                         /* convert number of bits to number of bytes,
     957             :                          * and round the latter up to a multiple of
     958             :                          * 4 (copy in units of 4 bytes) */
     959             :                         bn->theap->free = ((bi.count + 31) / 32) * 4;
     960             :                         bn->theap->dirty |= bi.count > 0;
     961             :                         memcpy(Tloc(bn, 0), bi.base, bn->theap->free);
     962             :                 } else {
     963             :                         /* case (4): optimized for simple array copy */
     964             :                         bn->theap->free = bi.count << bn->tshift;
     965             :                         bn->theap->dirty |= bi.count > 0;
     966             :                         memcpy(Tloc(bn, 0), bi.base, bn->theap->free);
     967             :                 }
     968             :                 /* copy all properties (size+other) from the source bat */
     969       30322 :                 BATsetcount(bn, bi.count);
     970             :         }
     971             :         /* set properties (note that types may have changed in the copy) */
     972       60284 :         if (ATOMtype(tt) == ATOMtype(bi.type)) {
     973       30320 :                 if (ATOMtype(tt) == TYPE_oid) {
     974        7796 :                         BATtseqbase(bn, bi.tseq);
     975             :                 } else {
     976       22524 :                         BATtseqbase(bn, oid_nil);
     977             :                 }
     978       30321 :                 BATkey(bn, bi.key);
     979       30321 :                 bn->tsorted = bi.sorted;
     980       30321 :                 bn->trevsorted = bi.revsorted;
     981       30321 :                 bn->tnorevsorted = bi.norevsorted;
     982       30321 :                 if (bi.nokey[0] != bi.nokey[1]) {
     983         413 :                         bn->tnokey[0] = bi.nokey[0];
     984         413 :                         bn->tnokey[1] = bi.nokey[1];
     985             :                 } else {
     986       29908 :                         bn->tnokey[0] = bn->tnokey[1] = 0;
     987             :                 }
     988       30321 :                 bn->tnosorted = bi.nosorted;
     989       30321 :                 bn->tnonil = bi.nonil;
     990       30321 :                 bn->tnil = bi.nil;
     991       30321 :                 bn->tminpos = bi.minpos;
     992       30321 :                 bn->tmaxpos = bi.maxpos;
     993       30321 :                 bn->tunique_est = bi.unique_est;
     994           3 :         } else if (ATOMstorage(tt) == ATOMstorage(b->ttype) &&
     995           3 :                    ATOMcompare(tt) == ATOMcompare(b->ttype)) {
     996           3 :                 BUN h = bi.count;
     997           3 :                 bn->tsorted = bi.sorted;
     998           3 :                 bn->trevsorted = bi.revsorted;
     999           3 :                 if (bi.key)
    1000           2 :                         BATkey(bn, true);
    1001           3 :                 bn->tnonil = bi.nonil;
    1002           3 :                 bn->tnil = bi.nil;
    1003           3 :                 if (bi.nosorted > 0 && bi.nosorted < h)
    1004           1 :                         bn->tnosorted = bi.nosorted;
    1005             :                 else
    1006           2 :                         bn->tnosorted = 0;
    1007           3 :                 if (bi.norevsorted > 0 && bi.norevsorted < h)
    1008           3 :                         bn->tnorevsorted = bi.norevsorted;
    1009             :                 else
    1010           0 :                         bn->tnorevsorted = 0;
    1011           3 :                 if (bi.nokey[0] < h &&
    1012           3 :                     bi.nokey[1] < h &&
    1013             :                     bi.nokey[0] != bi.nokey[1]) {
    1014           0 :                         bn->tnokey[0] = bi.nokey[0];
    1015           0 :                         bn->tnokey[1] = bi.nokey[1];
    1016             :                 } else {
    1017           3 :                         bn->tnokey[0] = bn->tnokey[1] = 0;
    1018             :                 }
    1019           3 :                 bn->tminpos = bi.minpos;
    1020           3 :                 bn->tmaxpos = bi.maxpos;
    1021           3 :                 bn->tunique_est = bi.unique_est;
    1022             :         } else {
    1023           0 :                 bn->tsorted = bn->trevsorted = false; /* set based on count later */
    1024           0 :                 bn->tnonil = bn->tnil = false;
    1025           0 :                 bn->tnosorted = bn->tnorevsorted = 0;
    1026           0 :                 bn->tnokey[0] = bn->tnokey[1] = 0;
    1027             :         }
    1028       30324 :         if (BATcount(bn) <= 1) {
    1029        6014 :                 bn->tsorted = ATOMlinear(b->ttype);
    1030        6014 :                 bn->trevsorted = ATOMlinear(b->ttype);
    1031        6014 :                 bn->tkey = true;
    1032             :         }
    1033       30324 :         bat_iterator_end(&bi);
    1034       30323 :         if (!writable)
    1035        4068 :                 bn->batRestricted = BAT_READ;
    1036       30323 :         TRC_DEBUG(ALGO, ALGOBATFMT " -> " ALGOBATFMT "\n",
    1037             :                   ALGOBATPAR(b), ALGOBATPAR(bn));
    1038             :         return bn;
    1039           0 :       bunins_failed:
    1040           0 :         bat_iterator_end(&bi);
    1041           0 :         BBPreclaim(bn);
    1042             :         return NULL;
    1043             : }
    1044             : 
    1045             : /* Append an array of values of length count to the bat.  For
    1046             :  * fixed-sized values, `values' is an array of values, for
    1047             :  * variable-sized values, `values' is an array of pointers to values.
    1048             :  * If values equals NULL, count times nil will be appended. */
    1049             : gdk_return
    1050    63765029 : BUNappendmulti(BAT *b, const void *values, BUN count, bool force)
    1051             : {
    1052    63765029 :         BUN p;
    1053    63765029 :         BUN nunique = 0;
    1054             : 
    1055    63765029 :         BATcheck(b, GDK_FAIL);
    1056             : 
    1057    63765029 :         assert(!VIEWtparent(b));
    1058             : 
    1059    63765029 :         if (count == 0)
    1060             :                 return GDK_SUCCEED;
    1061             : 
    1062    63767334 :         TRC_DEBUG(ALGO, ALGOBATFMT " appending " BUNFMT " values%s\n", ALGOBATPAR(b), count, values ? "" : " (all nil)");
    1063             : 
    1064    63766299 :         p = BATcount(b);                /* insert at end */
    1065    63766299 :         if (p == BUN_MAX || BATcount(b) + count >= BUN_MAX) {
    1066           0 :                 GDKerror("bat too large\n");
    1067           0 :                 return GDK_FAIL;
    1068             :         }
    1069             : 
    1070    63766299 :         ALIGNapp(b, force, GDK_FAIL);
    1071             :         /* load hash so that we can maintain it */
    1072    63775550 :         (void) BATcheckhash(b);
    1073             : 
    1074    63806907 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_void && BATtdense(b)) {
    1075           0 :                 const oid *ovals = values;
    1076           0 :                 bool dense = b->batCount == 0 || (ovals != NULL && b->tseqbase + 1 == ovals[0]);
    1077           0 :                 if (ovals) {
    1078           0 :                         for (BUN i = 1; dense && i < count; i++) {
    1079           0 :                                 dense = ovals[i - 1] + 1 == ovals[i];
    1080             :                         }
    1081             :                 }
    1082           0 :                 if (dense) {
    1083           0 :                         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1084           0 :                         if (b->batCount == 0)
    1085           0 :                                 b->tseqbase = ovals ? ovals[0] : oid_nil;
    1086           0 :                         BATsetcount(b, BATcount(b) + count);
    1087           0 :                         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1088           0 :                         return GDK_SUCCEED;
    1089             :                 } else {
    1090             :                         /* we need to materialize b; allocate enough capacity */
    1091           0 :                         if (BATmaterialize(b, BATcount(b) + count) != GDK_SUCCEED)
    1092             :                                 return GDK_FAIL;
    1093             :                 }
    1094             :         }
    1095             : 
    1096    63806907 :         if (unshare_varsized_heap(b) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
    1097             :                 return GDK_FAIL;
    1098             :         }
    1099             : 
    1100    63804485 :         if (BATcount(b) + count > BATcapacity(b)) {
    1101             :                 /* if needed space exceeds a normal growth extend just
    1102             :                  * with what's needed */
    1103       11163 :                 BUN ncap = BATcount(b) + count;
    1104       11163 :                 BUN grows = BATgrows(b);
    1105             : 
    1106       11163 :                 if (ncap > grows)
    1107             :                         grows = ncap;
    1108       11163 :                 gdk_return rc = BATextend(b, grows);
    1109       11162 :                 if (rc != GDK_SUCCEED)
    1110             :                         return rc;
    1111             :         }
    1112             : 
    1113    63804484 :         const void *t = b->ttype == TYPE_msk ? &(msk){false} : ATOMnilptr(b->ttype);
    1114    63804484 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1115    63777276 :         BATiter bi = bat_iterator_nolock(b);
    1116    63777276 :         const ValRecord *prop;
    1117    63777276 :         ValRecord minprop, maxprop;
    1118    63777276 :         const void *minbound = NULL, *maxbound = NULL;
    1119    63777287 :         if ((prop = BATgetprop_nolock(b, GDK_MIN_BOUND)) != NULL &&
    1120          11 :             VALcopy(&minprop, prop) != NULL)
    1121          11 :                 minbound = VALptr(&minprop);
    1122    63810548 :         if ((prop = BATgetprop_nolock(b, GDK_MAX_BOUND)) != NULL &&
    1123          10 :             VALcopy(&maxprop, prop) != NULL)
    1124          10 :                 maxbound = VALptr(&maxprop);
    1125    63805986 :         const bool notnull = BATgetprop_nolock(b, GDK_NOT_NULL) != NULL;
    1126    63793279 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1127    63809122 :         MT_rwlock_wrlock(&b->thashlock);
    1128    63812906 :         if (values && b->ttype) {
    1129    63802102 :                 int (*atomcmp) (const void *, const void *) = ATOMcompare(b->ttype);
    1130    63802102 :                 const void *atomnil = ATOMnilptr(b->ttype);
    1131    63802102 :                 const void *minvalp = NULL, *maxvalp = NULL;
    1132    63802102 :                 if (b->tvheap) {
    1133    29481315 :                         if (bi.minpos != BUN_NONE)
    1134    26643536 :                                 minvalp = BUNtvar(bi, bi.minpos);
    1135    29479551 :                         if (bi.maxpos != BUN_NONE)
    1136    26642063 :                                 maxvalp = BUNtvar(bi, bi.maxpos);
    1137    29479374 :                         const void *vbase = b->tvheap->base;
    1138    58981703 :                         for (BUN i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    1139    29504093 :                                 t = ((void **) values)[i];
    1140    29504093 :                                 bool isnil = atomcmp(t, atomnil) == 0;
    1141    29501366 :                                 gdk_return rc;
    1142    29501366 :                                 if (notnull && isnil) {
    1143           0 :                                         assert(0);
    1144             :                                         GDKerror("NULL value not within bounds\n");
    1145             :                                         rc = GDK_FAIL;
    1146    29501366 :                                 } else if (minbound &&
    1147    29501366 :                                            !isnil &&
    1148           0 :                                            atomcmp(t, minbound) < 0) {
    1149           0 :                                         assert(0);
    1150             :                                         GDKerror("value not within bounds\n");
    1151             :                                         rc = GDK_FAIL;
    1152    29501366 :                                 } else if (maxbound &&
    1153           0 :                                            !isnil &&
    1154           0 :                                            atomcmp(t, maxbound) >= 0) {
    1155           0 :                                         assert(0);
    1156             :                                         GDKerror("value not within bounds\n");
    1157             :                                         rc = GDK_FAIL;
    1158             :                                 } else {
    1159    29501366 :                                         rc = tfastins_nocheckVAR(b, p, t);
    1160             :                                 }
    1161    29503149 :                                 if (rc != GDK_SUCCEED) {
    1162           0 :                                         MT_rwlock_wrunlock(&b->thashlock);
    1163           0 :                                         if (minbound)
    1164           0 :                                                 VALclear(&minprop);
    1165           0 :                                         if (maxbound)
    1166           0 :                                                 VALclear(&maxprop);
    1167           0 :                                         return rc;
    1168             :                                 }
    1169    29503149 :                                 if (vbase != b->tvheap->base) {
    1170             :                                         /* tvheap changed location, so
    1171             :                                          * pointers may need to be
    1172             :                                          * updated (not if they were
    1173             :                                          * initialized from t below, but
    1174             :                                          * we don't know) */
    1175        3541 :                                         BUN minpos = bi.minpos;
    1176        3541 :                                         BUN maxpos = bi.maxpos;
    1177        3541 :                                         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1178        3541 :                                         bi = bat_iterator_nolock(b);
    1179        3541 :                                         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1180        3541 :                                         bi.minpos = minpos;
    1181        3541 :                                         bi.maxpos = maxpos;
    1182        3541 :                                         vbase = b->tvheap->base;
    1183        3541 :                                         if (bi.minpos != BUN_NONE)
    1184        2647 :                                                 minvalp = BUNtvar(bi, bi.minpos);
    1185        3541 :                                         if (bi.maxpos != BUN_NONE)
    1186        2646 :                                                 maxvalp = BUNtvar(bi, bi.maxpos);
    1187             :                                 }
    1188    29503149 :                                 if (!isnil) {
    1189    25867217 :                                         if (p == 0) {
    1190      202180 :                                                 bi.minpos = bi.maxpos = 0;
    1191      202180 :                                                 minvalp = maxvalp = t;
    1192             :                                         } else {
    1193    50265500 :                                                 if (bi.minpos != BUN_NONE &&
    1194    24600725 :                                                     atomcmp(minvalp, t) > 0) {
    1195       73474 :                                                         bi.minpos = p;
    1196       73474 :                                                         minvalp = t;
    1197             :                                                 }
    1198    50262842 :                                                 if (bi.maxpos != BUN_NONE &&
    1199    24598625 :                                                     atomcmp(maxvalp, t) < 0) {
    1200     2248142 :                                                         bi.maxpos = p;
    1201     2248142 :                                                         maxvalp = t;
    1202             :                                                 }
    1203             :                                         }
    1204             :                                 }
    1205    29502329 :                                 p++;
    1206             :                         }
    1207    29477610 :                         if (minbound)
    1208           0 :                                 VALclear(&minprop);
    1209    29477856 :                         if (maxbound)
    1210           0 :                                 VALclear(&maxprop);
    1211    29477811 :                         if (b->thash) {
    1212        6187 :                                 p -= count;
    1213       12374 :                                 for (BUN i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    1214        6187 :                                         t = ((void **) values)[i];
    1215        6187 :                                         HASHappend_locked(b, p, t);
    1216        6187 :                                         p++;
    1217             :                                 }
    1218        6187 :                                 nunique = b->thash ? b->thash->nunique : 0;
    1219             :                         }
    1220    34320787 :                 } else if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_msk) {
    1221       12757 :                         bi.minpos = bi.maxpos = BUN_NONE;
    1222       12757 :                         minvalp = maxvalp = NULL;
    1223       25514 :                         for (BUN i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    1224       12757 :                                 t = (void *) ((char *) values + (i << b->tshift));
    1225       12757 :                                 mskSetVal(b, p, *(msk *) t);
    1226       12757 :                                 p++;
    1227             :                         }
    1228             :                 } else {
    1229    34308030 :                         if (bi.minpos != BUN_NONE)
    1230    32853116 :                                 minvalp = BUNtloc(bi, bi.minpos);
    1231    34308030 :                         if (bi.maxpos != BUN_NONE)
    1232    32894831 :                                 maxvalp = BUNtloc(bi, bi.maxpos);
    1233    68667569 :                         for (BUN i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    1234    34373768 :                                 t = (void *) ((char *) values + (i << b->tshift));
    1235    34373768 :                                 gdk_return rc = tfastins_nocheckFIX(b, p, t);
    1236    34366310 :                                 if (rc != GDK_SUCCEED) {
    1237           0 :                                         MT_rwlock_wrunlock(&b->thashlock);
    1238           0 :                                         return rc;
    1239             :                                 }
    1240    34366310 :                                 if (b->thash) {
    1241      477491 :                                         HASHappend_locked(b, p, t);
    1242             :                                 }
    1243    34366310 :                                 if (atomcmp(t, atomnil) != 0) {
    1244    33369755 :                                         if (p == 0) {
    1245      367376 :                                                 bi.minpos = bi.maxpos = 0;
    1246      367376 :                                                 minvalp = maxvalp = t;
    1247             :                                         } else {
    1248    65886001 :                                                 if (bi.minpos != BUN_NONE &&
    1249    32884276 :                                                     atomcmp(minvalp, t) > 0) {
    1250       35050 :                                                         bi.minpos = p;
    1251       35050 :                                                         minvalp = t;
    1252             :                                                 }
    1253    65924906 :                                                 if (bi.maxpos != BUN_NONE &&
    1254    32925277 :                                                     atomcmp(maxvalp, t) < 0) {
    1255     7983316 :                                                         bi.maxpos = p;
    1256     7983316 :                                                         maxvalp = t;
    1257             :                                                 }
    1258             :                                         }
    1259             :                                 }
    1260    34359539 :                                 p++;
    1261             :                         }
    1262    34293801 :                         nunique = b->thash ? b->thash->nunique : 0;
    1263             :                 }
    1264             :         } else {
    1265       25230 :                 for (BUN i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    1266       14427 :                         gdk_return rc = tfastins_nocheck(b, p, t);
    1267       14426 :                         if (rc != GDK_SUCCEED) {
    1268           0 :                                 MT_rwlock_wrunlock(&b->thashlock);
    1269           0 :                                 return rc;
    1270             :                         }
    1271       14426 :                         if (b->thash) {
    1272           0 :                                 HASHappend_locked(b, p, t);
    1273             :                         }
    1274       14426 :                         p++;
    1275             :                 }
    1276       10803 :                 nunique = b->thash ? b->thash->nunique : 0;
    1277             :         }
    1278    63795172 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1279    63791511 :         b->tminpos = bi.minpos;
    1280    63791511 :         b->tmaxpos = bi.maxpos;
    1281    63791511 :         if (count > BATcount(b) / gdk_unique_estimate_keep_fraction)
    1282    16651449 :                 b->tunique_est = 0;
    1283             : 
    1284    63791511 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_oid) {
    1285             :                 /* spend extra effort on oid (possible candidate list) */
    1286      365435 :                 if (values == NULL || is_oid_nil(((oid *) values)[0])) {
    1287         156 :                         b->tnil = true;
    1288         156 :                         b->tnonil = false;
    1289         156 :                         b->tsorted = false;
    1290         156 :                         b->trevsorted = false;
    1291         156 :                         b->tkey = false;
    1292         156 :                         b->tseqbase = oid_nil;
    1293             :                 } else {
    1294      365279 :                         if (b->batCount == 0) {
    1295        5621 :                                 b->tsorted = true;
    1296        5621 :                                 b->trevsorted = true;
    1297        5621 :                                 b->tkey = true;
    1298        5621 :                                 b->tseqbase = count == 1 ? ((oid *) values)[0] : oid_nil;
    1299        5621 :                                 b->tnil = false;
    1300        5621 :                                 b->tnonil = true;
    1301             :                         } else {
    1302      359658 :                                 if (!is_oid_nil(b->tseqbase) &&
    1303      208762 :                                     (count > 1 ||
    1304      208762 :                                      b->tseqbase + b->batCount != ((oid *) values)[0]))
    1305        1692 :                                         b->tseqbase = oid_nil;
    1306      359658 :                                 if (b->tsorted && !is_oid_nil(((oid *) b->theap->base)[b->batCount - 1]) && ((oid *) b->theap->base)[b->batCount - 1] > ((oid *) values)[0]) {
    1307          44 :                                         b->tsorted = false;
    1308          44 :                                         if (b->tnosorted == 0)
    1309          44 :                                                 b->tnosorted = b->batCount;
    1310             :                                 }
    1311      359658 :                                 if (b->trevsorted && !is_oid_nil(((oid *) values)[0]) && ((oid *) b->theap->base)[b->batCount - 1] < ((oid *) values)[0]) {
    1312        4845 :                                         b->trevsorted = false;
    1313        4845 :                                         if (b->tnorevsorted == 0)
    1314        4845 :                                                 b->tnorevsorted = b->batCount;
    1315             :                                 }
    1316      359658 :                                 if (b->tkey) {
    1317      359318 :                                         if (((oid *) b->theap->base)[b->batCount - 1] == ((oid *) values)[0]) {
    1318          17 :                                                 b->tkey = false;
    1319          17 :                                                 if (b->tnokey[1] == 0) {
    1320          17 :                                                         b->tnokey[0] = b->batCount - 1;
    1321          17 :                                                         b->tnokey[1] = b->batCount;
    1322             :                                                 }
    1323      359301 :                                         } else if (!b->tsorted && !b->trevsorted)
    1324          32 :                                                 b->tkey = false;
    1325             :                                 }
    1326             :                         }
    1327      365279 :                         for (BUN i = 1; i < count; i++) {
    1328           0 :                                 if (is_oid_nil(((oid *) values)[i])) {
    1329           0 :                                         b->tnil = true;
    1330           0 :                                         b->tnonil = false;
    1331           0 :                                         b->tsorted = false;
    1332           0 :                                         b->trevsorted = false;
    1333           0 :                                         b->tkey = false;
    1334           0 :                                         b->tseqbase = oid_nil;
    1335           0 :                                         break;
    1336             :                                 }
    1337           0 :                                 if (((oid *) values)[i - 1] == ((oid *) values)[i]) {
    1338           0 :                                         b->tkey = false;
    1339           0 :                                         if (b->tnokey[1] == 0) {
    1340           0 :                                                 b->tnokey[0] = b->batCount + i - 1;
    1341           0 :                                                 b->tnokey[1] = b->batCount + i;
    1342             :                                         }
    1343           0 :                                 } else if (((oid *) values)[i - 1] > ((oid *) values)[i]) {
    1344           0 :                                         b->tsorted = false;
    1345           0 :                                         if (b->tnosorted == 0)
    1346           0 :                                                 b->tnosorted = b->batCount + i;
    1347           0 :                                         if (!b->trevsorted)
    1348           0 :                                                 b->tkey = false;
    1349             :                                 } else {
    1350           0 :                                         if (((oid *) values)[i - 1] + 1 != ((oid *) values)[i])
    1351           0 :                                                 b->tseqbase = oid_nil;
    1352           0 :                                         b->trevsorted = false;
    1353           0 :                                         if (b->tnorevsorted == 0)
    1354           0 :                                                 b->tnorevsorted = b->batCount + i;
    1355           0 :                                         if (!b->tsorted)
    1356           0 :                                                 b->tkey = false;
    1357             :                                 }
    1358             :                         }
    1359             :                 }
    1360    63426076 :         } else if (!ATOMlinear(b->ttype)) {
    1361       12757 :                 b->tnil = b->tnonil = false;
    1362       12757 :                 b->tsorted = b->trevsorted = b->tkey = false;
    1363    63413319 :         } else if (b->batCount == 0) {
    1364      572549 :                 if (values == NULL) {
    1365           0 :                         b->tsorted = b->trevsorted = true;
    1366           0 :                         b->tkey = count == 1;
    1367           0 :                         b->tnil = true;
    1368           0 :                         b->tnonil = false;
    1369           0 :                         b->tunique_est = 1;
    1370             :                 } else {
    1371      572549 :                         int c;
    1372      572549 :                         b->tnil = b->tnonil = false;
    1373      572549 :                         switch (count) {
    1374      571990 :                         case 1:
    1375      571990 :                                 b->tsorted = b->trevsorted = b->tkey = true;
    1376      571990 :                                 b->tunique_est = 1;
    1377      571990 :                                 break;
    1378          82 :                         case 2:
    1379          82 :                                 if (b->tvheap)
    1380          25 :                                         c = ATOMcmp(b->ttype,
    1381             :                                                     ((void **) values)[0],
    1382             :                                                     ((void **) values)[1]);
    1383             :                                 else
    1384          57 :                                         c = ATOMcmp(b->ttype,
    1385             :                                                     values,
    1386             :                                                     (char *) values + b->twidth);
    1387          82 :                                 b->tsorted = c <= 0;
    1388          82 :                                 b->tnosorted = !b->tsorted;
    1389          82 :                                 b->trevsorted = c >= 0;
    1390          82 :                                 b->tnorevsorted = !b->trevsorted;
    1391          82 :                                 b->tkey = c != 0;
    1392          82 :                                 b->tnokey[0] = 0;
    1393          82 :                                 b->tnokey[1] = !b->tkey;
    1394          82 :                                 b->tunique_est = (double) (1 + b->tkey);
    1395          82 :                                 break;
    1396         477 :                         default:
    1397         477 :                                 b->tsorted = b->trevsorted = b->tkey = false;
    1398         477 :                                 break;
    1399             :                         }
    1400             :                 }
    1401    62840770 :         } else if (b->batCount == 1 && count == 1) {
    1402      413640 :                 bi = bat_iterator_nolock(b);
    1403      413640 :                 t = b->ttype == TYPE_msk ? &(msk){false} : ATOMnilptr(b->ttype);
    1404      413640 :                 if (values != NULL) {
    1405      413700 :                         if (b->tvheap)
    1406      152774 :                                 t = ((void **) values)[0];
    1407             :                         else
    1408             :                                 t = values;
    1409             :                 }
    1410      413640 :                 int c = ATOMcmp(b->ttype, BUNtail(bi, 0), t);
    1411      413470 :                 b->tsorted = c <= 0;
    1412      413470 :                 b->tnosorted = !b->tsorted;
    1413      413470 :                 b->trevsorted = c >= 0;
    1414      413470 :                 b->tnorevsorted = !b->trevsorted;
    1415      413470 :                 b->tkey = c != 0;
    1416      413470 :                 b->tnokey[0] = 0;
    1417      413470 :                 b->tnokey[1] = !b->tkey;
    1418      413470 :                 b->tunique_est = (double) (1 + b->tkey);
    1419      413470 :                 b->tnil |= values == NULL;
    1420      413470 :                 b->tnonil = false;
    1421             :         } else {
    1422    62427130 :                 b->tnil |= values == NULL;
    1423    62427130 :                 b->tnonil = false;
    1424    62427130 :                 b->tsorted = b->trevsorted = b->tkey = false;
    1425             :         }
    1426    63791341 :         BATsetcount(b, p);
    1427    63783932 :         if (nunique != 0)
    1428      483678 :                 b->tunique_est = (double) nunique;
    1429    63783932 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1430    63793168 :         MT_rwlock_wrunlock(&b->thashlock);
    1431             : 
    1432    63802282 :         IMPSdestroy(b);         /* no support for inserts in imprints yet */
    1433    63794024 :         OIDXdestroy(b);
    1434    63786142 :         STRMPdestroy(b);        /* TODO: use STRMPappendBitstring */
    1435    63778641 :         RTREEdestroy(b);
    1436    63778641 :         return GDK_SUCCEED;
    1437             : }
    1438             : 
    1439             : /* Append a single value to the bat. */
    1440             : gdk_return
    1441    48405314 : BUNappend(BAT *b, const void *t, bool force)
    1442             : {
    1443    48405314 :         return BUNappendmulti(b, b->ttype && b->tvheap ? (const void *) &t : (const void *) t, 1, force);
    1444             : }
    1445             : 
    1446             : gdk_return
    1447           4 : BUNdelete(BAT *b, oid o)
    1448             : {
    1449           4 :         BUN p;
    1450           4 :         BATiter bi = bat_iterator_nolock(b);
    1451           4 :         const void *val;
    1452           4 :         bool locked = false;
    1453           4 :         BUN nunique;
    1454             : 
    1455           4 :         assert(!is_oid_nil(b->hseqbase) || BATcount(b) == 0);
    1456           4 :         if (o < b->hseqbase || o >= b->hseqbase + BATcount(b)) {
    1457             :                 /* value already not there */
    1458             :                 return GDK_SUCCEED;
    1459             :         }
    1460           4 :         assert(BATcount(b) > 0); /* follows from "if" above */
    1461           4 :         p = o - b->hseqbase;
    1462           4 :         if (p < b->batInserted) {
    1463           0 :                 GDKerror("cannot delete committed value\n");
    1464           0 :                 return GDK_FAIL;
    1465             :         }
    1466           4 :         TRC_DEBUG(ALGO, ALGOBATFMT " deleting oid " OIDFMT "\n", ALGOBATPAR(b), o);
    1467             :         /* load hash so that we can maintain it */
    1468           4 :         (void) BATcheckhash(b);
    1469             : 
    1470           4 :         val = BUNtail(bi, p);
    1471             :         /* writing the values should be locked, reading could be done
    1472             :          * unlocked (since we're the only thread that should be changing
    1473             :          * anything) */
    1474           4 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1475           4 :         if (b->tmaxpos == p)
    1476           1 :                 b->tmaxpos = BUN_NONE;
    1477           4 :         if (b->tminpos == p)
    1478           0 :                 b->tminpos = BUN_NONE;
    1479           4 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1480           4 :         if (ATOMunfix(b->ttype, val) != GDK_SUCCEED)
    1481             :                 return GDK_FAIL;
    1482           4 :         nunique = HASHdelete(&bi, p, val);
    1483           4 :         ATOMdel(b->ttype, b->tvheap, (var_t *) BUNtloc(bi, p));
    1484           4 :         if (p != BATcount(b) - 1 &&
    1485           2 :             (b->ttype != TYPE_void || BATtdense(b))) {
    1486             :                 /* replace to-be-delete BUN with last BUN; materialize
    1487             :                  * void column before doing so */
    1488           2 :                 if (b->ttype == TYPE_void &&
    1489           0 :                     BATmaterialize(b, BUN_NONE) != GDK_SUCCEED)
    1490             :                         return GDK_FAIL;
    1491           2 :                 if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_msk) {
    1492           0 :                         msk mval = mskGetVal(b, BATcount(b) - 1);
    1493           0 :                         assert(b->thash == NULL);
    1494           0 :                         mskSetVal(b, p, mval);
    1495             :                         /* don't leave garbage */
    1496           0 :                         mskClr(b, BATcount(b) - 1);
    1497             :                 } else {
    1498           2 :                         val = Tloc(b, BATcount(b) - 1);
    1499           2 :                         nunique = HASHdelete(&bi, BATcount(b) - 1, val);
    1500           2 :                         memcpy(Tloc(b, p), val, b->twidth);
    1501           2 :                         nunique = HASHinsert(&bi, p, val);
    1502           2 :                         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1503           2 :                         locked = true;
    1504           2 :                         if (b->tminpos == BATcount(b) - 1)
    1505           0 :                                 b->tminpos = p;
    1506           2 :                         if (b->tmaxpos == BATcount(b) - 1)
    1507           1 :                                 b->tmaxpos = p;
    1508             :                 }
    1509             :                 /* no longer sorted */
    1510           2 :                 if (!locked) {
    1511           0 :                         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1512           0 :                         locked = true;
    1513             :                 }
    1514           2 :                 b->tsorted = b->trevsorted = false;
    1515           2 :                 b->theap->dirty = true;
    1516             :         }
    1517           4 :         if (!locked)
    1518           2 :                 MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1519           4 :         if (b->tnosorted >= p)
    1520           0 :                 b->tnosorted = 0;
    1521           4 :         if (b->tnorevsorted >= p)
    1522           1 :                 b->tnorevsorted = 0;
    1523           4 :         b->batCount--;
    1524           4 :         if (nunique != 0)
    1525           0 :                 b->tunique_est = (double) nunique;
    1526           4 :         else if (BATcount(b) < gdk_unique_estimate_keep_fraction)
    1527           4 :                 b->tunique_est = 0;
    1528           4 :         if (b->batCount <= 1) {
    1529             :                 /* some trivial properties */
    1530           0 :                 b->tkey = true;
    1531           0 :                 b->tsorted = b->trevsorted = true;
    1532           0 :                 b->tnosorted = b->tnorevsorted = 0;
    1533           0 :                 if (b->batCount == 0) {
    1534           0 :                         b->tnil = false;
    1535           0 :                         b->tnonil = true;
    1536             :                 }
    1537             :         }
    1538           4 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1539           4 :         IMPSdestroy(b);
    1540           4 :         OIDXdestroy(b);
    1541           4 :         return GDK_SUCCEED;
    1542             : }
    1543             : 
    1544             : /* @-  BUN replace
    1545             :  * The last operation in this context is BUN replace. It assumes that
    1546             :  * the header denotes a key. The old value association is destroyed
    1547             :  * (if it exists in the first place) and the new value takes its
    1548             :  * place.
    1549             :  *
    1550             :  * In order to make updates on void columns workable; replaces on them
    1551             :  * are always done in-place. Performing them without bun-movements
    1552             :  * greatly simplifies the problem. The 'downside' is that when
    1553             :  * transaction management has to be performed, replaced values should
    1554             :  * be saved explicitly.
    1555             :  */
    1556             : static gdk_return
    1557     1065515 : BUNinplacemulti(BAT *b, const oid *positions, const void *values, BUN count, bool force, bool autoincr)
    1558             : {
    1559     1065515 :         BUN prv, nxt;
    1560     1065515 :         const void *val;
    1561     1065515 :         int (*atomcmp) (const void *, const void *) = ATOMcompare(b->ttype);
    1562     1065515 :         const void *atomnil = ATOMnilptr(b->ttype);
    1563             : 
    1564     1065515 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1565     1065542 :         BUN last = BATcount(b) - 1;
    1566     1065542 :         BATiter bi = bat_iterator_nolock(b);
    1567             :         /* zap alignment info */
    1568     1065542 :         if (!force && (b->batRestricted != BAT_WRITE ||
    1569      547086 :                        ((ATOMIC_GET(&b->theap->refs) & HEAPREFS) > 1))) {
    1570           0 :                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1571           0 :                 GDKerror("access denied to %s, aborting.\n",
    1572             :                          BATgetId(b));
    1573           0 :                 assert(0);
    1574             :                 return GDK_FAIL;
    1575             :         }
    1576     1065542 :         TRC_DEBUG(ALGO, ALGOBATFMT " replacing " BUNFMT " values\n", ALGOBATPAR(b), count);
    1577     1065417 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_void) {
    1578           0 :                 PROPdestroy(b);
    1579           0 :                 b->tminpos = BUN_NONE;
    1580           0 :                 b->tmaxpos = BUN_NONE;
    1581           0 :                 b->tunique_est = 0.0;
    1582     1065417 :         } else if (count > BATcount(b) / gdk_unique_estimate_keep_fraction) {
    1583      530152 :                 b->tunique_est = 0;
    1584             :         }
    1585     1065417 :         const ValRecord *prop;
    1586     1065417 :         ValRecord minprop, maxprop;
    1587     1065417 :         const void *minbound = NULL, *maxbound = NULL;
    1588     1065417 :         if ((prop = BATgetprop_nolock(b, GDK_MIN_BOUND)) != NULL &&
    1589           0 :             VALcopy(&minprop, prop) != NULL)
    1590           0 :                 minbound = VALptr(&minprop);
    1591     1065474 :         if ((prop = BATgetprop_nolock(b, GDK_MAX_BOUND)) != NULL &&
    1592           0 :             VALcopy(&maxprop, prop) != NULL)
    1593           0 :                 maxbound = VALptr(&maxprop);
    1594     1065455 :         const bool notnull = BATgetprop_nolock(b, GDK_NOT_NULL) != NULL;
    1595     1065254 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1596             :         /* load hash so that we can maintain it */
    1597     1065458 :         (void) BATcheckhash(b);
    1598     1065524 :         MT_rwlock_wrlock(&b->thashlock);
    1599     2130835 :         for (BUN i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    1600     1065510 :                 BUN p = autoincr ? positions[0] - b->hseqbase + i : positions[i] - b->hseqbase;
    1601     1065568 :                 const void *t = b->ttype && b->tvheap ?
    1602     1209790 :                         ((const void **) values)[i] :
    1603      921230 :                         (const void *) ((const char *) values + (i << b->tshift));
    1604     1065510 :                 bool isnil = atomnil && atomcmp(t, atomnil) == 0;
    1605     1065170 :                 if (notnull && isnil) {
    1606           0 :                         assert(0);
    1607             :                         GDKerror("NULL value not within bounds\n");
    1608             :                         MT_rwlock_wrunlock(&b->thashlock);
    1609             :                         goto bailout;
    1610     1065170 :                 } else if (!isnil &&
    1611          78 :                            ((minbound &&
    1612     1018760 :                              atomcmp(t, minbound) < 0) ||
    1613           0 :                             (maxbound &&
    1614           0 :                              atomcmp(t, maxbound) >= 0))) {
    1615           0 :                         assert(0);
    1616             :                         GDKerror("value not within bounds\n");
    1617             :                         MT_rwlock_wrunlock(&b->thashlock);
    1618             :                         goto bailout;
    1619             :                 }
    1620             : 
    1621             :                 /* retrieve old value, but if this comes from the
    1622             :                  * logger, we need to deal with offsets that point
    1623             :                  * outside of the valid vheap */
    1624     1065248 :                 if (b->ttype == TYPE_void) {
    1625           0 :                         val = BUNtpos(bi, p);
    1626     1065248 :                 } else if (bi.type == TYPE_msk) {
    1627        1840 :                         val = BUNtmsk(bi, p);
    1628     1063408 :                 } else if (b->tvheap) {
    1629      144227 :                         size_t off = BUNtvaroff(bi, p);
    1630      144230 :                         if (off < bi.vhfree)
    1631      144224 :                                 val = bi.vh->base + off;
    1632             :                         else
    1633             :                                 val = NULL; /* bad offset */
    1634             :                 } else {
    1635      919181 :                         val = BUNtloc(bi, p);
    1636             :                 }
    1637             : 
    1638     1065245 :                 if (val) {
    1639     1065245 :                         if (atomcmp(val, t) == 0)
    1640      240499 :                                 continue; /* nothing to do */
    1641      824795 :                         if (!isnil &&
    1642       10082 :                             b->tnil &&
    1643       10084 :                             atomcmp(val, atomnil) == 0) {
    1644             :                                 /* if old value is nil and new value
    1645             :                                  * isn't, we're not sure anymore about
    1646             :                                  * the nil property, so we must clear
    1647             :                                  * it */
    1648       10081 :                                 MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1649       10077 :                                 b->tnil = false;
    1650       10077 :                                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1651             :                         }
    1652      824795 :                         if (b->ttype != TYPE_void) {
    1653      824798 :                                 if (bi.maxpos != BUN_NONE) {
    1654      514866 :                                         if (!isnil && atomcmp(BUNtail(bi, bi.maxpos), t) < 0) {
    1655             :                                                 /* new value is larger
    1656             :                                                  * than previous
    1657             :                                                  * largest */
    1658       53804 :                                                 bi.maxpos = p;
    1659      461063 :                                         } else if (bi.maxpos == p && atomcmp(BUNtail(bi, bi.maxpos), t) != 0) {
    1660             :                                                 /* old value is equal to
    1661             :                                                  * largest and new value
    1662             :                                                  * is smaller or nil (see
    1663             :                                                  * above), so we don't
    1664             :                                                  * know anymore which is
    1665             :                                                  * the largest */
    1666         478 :                                                 bi.maxpos = BUN_NONE;
    1667             :                                         }
    1668             :                                 }
    1669      824799 :                                 if (bi.minpos != BUN_NONE) {
    1670      363117 :                                         if (!isnil && atomcmp(BUNtail(bi, bi.minpos), t) > 0) {
    1671             :                                                 /* new value is smaller
    1672             :                                                  * than previous
    1673             :                                                  * smallest */
    1674         423 :                                                 bi.minpos = p;
    1675      362691 :                                         } else if (bi.minpos == p && atomcmp(BUNtail(bi, bi.minpos), t) != 0) {
    1676             :                                                 /* old value is equal to
    1677             :                                                  * smallest and new value
    1678             :                                                  * is larger or nil (see
    1679             :                                                  * above), so we don't
    1680             :                                                  * know anymore which is
    1681             :                                                  * the largest */
    1682         611 :                                                 bi.minpos = BUN_NONE;
    1683             :                                         }
    1684             :                                 }
    1685             :                         }
    1686      824793 :                         HASHdelete_locked(&bi, p, val);     /* first delete old value from hash */
    1687             :                 } else {
    1688             :                         /* out of range old value, so the properties and
    1689             :                          * hash cannot be trusted */
    1690           6 :                         PROPdestroy(b);
    1691           0 :                         Hash *hs = b->thash;
    1692           0 :                         if (hs) {
    1693           0 :                                 b->thash = NULL;
    1694           0 :                                 doHASHdestroy(b, hs);
    1695             :                         }
    1696           0 :                         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1697           0 :                         bi.minpos = BUN_NONE;
    1698           0 :                         bi.maxpos = BUN_NONE;
    1699           0 :                         b->tunique_est = 0.0;
    1700           0 :                         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1701             :                 }
    1702      824817 :                 OIDXdestroy(b);
    1703      824856 :                 IMPSdestroy(b);
    1704      824845 :                 STRMPdestroy(b);
    1705      824826 :                 RTREEdestroy(b);
    1706             : 
    1707      824851 :                 if (b->tvheap && b->ttype) {
    1708       72473 :                         var_t _d;
    1709       72473 :                         ptr _ptr;
    1710       72473 :                         _ptr = BUNtloc(bi, p);
    1711       72473 :                         switch (b->twidth) {
    1712        7947 :                         case 1:
    1713        7947 :                                 _d = (var_t) * (uint8_t *) _ptr + GDK_VAROFFSET;
    1714        7947 :                                 break;
    1715       59204 :                         case 2:
    1716       59204 :                                 _d = (var_t) * (uint16_t *) _ptr + GDK_VAROFFSET;
    1717       59204 :                                 break;
    1718        5322 :                         case 4:
    1719        5322 :                                 _d = (var_t) * (uint32_t *) _ptr;
    1720        5322 :                                 break;
    1721             : #if SIZEOF_VAR_T == 8
    1722           0 :                         case 8:
    1723           0 :                                 _d = (var_t) * (uint64_t *) _ptr;
    1724           0 :                                 break;
    1725             : #endif
    1726             :                         default:
    1727           0 :                                 MT_UNREACHABLE();
    1728             :                         }
    1729       72473 :                         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1730       72467 :                         if (ATOMreplaceVAR(b, &_d, t) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
    1731           0 :                                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1732           0 :                                 MT_rwlock_wrunlock(&b->thashlock);
    1733           0 :                                 goto bailout;
    1734             :                         }
    1735       72496 :                         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1736       72500 :                         if (b->twidth < SIZEOF_VAR_T &&
    1737       72497 :                             (b->twidth <= 2 ? _d - GDK_VAROFFSET : _d) >= ((size_t) 1 << (8 << b->tshift))) {
    1738             :                                 /* doesn't fit in current heap, upgrade it */
    1739          78 :                                 if (GDKupgradevarheap(b, _d, 0, bi.count) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
    1740           0 :                                         MT_rwlock_wrunlock(&b->thashlock);
    1741           0 :                                         goto bailout;
    1742             :                                 }
    1743             :                         }
    1744             :                         /* reinitialize iterator after possible heap upgrade */
    1745             :                         {
    1746             :                                 /* save and restore minpos/maxpos */
    1747       72500 :                                 BUN minpos = bi.minpos;
    1748       72500 :                                 BUN maxpos = bi.maxpos;
    1749       72500 :                                 bi = bat_iterator_nolock(b);
    1750       72500 :                                 bi.minpos = minpos;
    1751       72500 :                                 bi.maxpos = maxpos;
    1752             :                         }
    1753       72500 :                         _ptr = BUNtloc(bi, p);
    1754       72500 :                         switch (b->twidth) {
    1755        7877 :                         case 1:
    1756        7877 :                                 * (uint8_t *) _ptr = (uint8_t) (_d - GDK_VAROFFSET);
    1757        7877 :                                 break;
    1758       59293 :                         case 2:
    1759       59293 :                                 * (uint16_t *) _ptr = (uint16_t) (_d - GDK_VAROFFSET);
    1760       59293 :                                 break;
    1761        5330 :                         case 4:
    1762        5330 :                                 * (uint32_t *) _ptr = (uint32_t) _d;
    1763        5330 :                                 break;
    1764             : #if SIZEOF_VAR_T == 8
    1765           0 :                         case 8:
    1766           0 :                                 * (uint64_t *) _ptr = (uint64_t) _d;
    1767           0 :                                 break;
    1768             : #endif
    1769             :                         default:
    1770       72500 :                                 MT_UNREACHABLE();
    1771             :                         }
    1772      752378 :                 } else if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_msk) {
    1773        1840 :                         mskSetVal(b, p, * (msk *) t);
    1774             :                 } else {
    1775      750538 :                         assert(BATatoms[b->ttype].atomPut == NULL);
    1776      750538 :                         if (ATOMfix(b->ttype, t) != GDK_SUCCEED ||
    1777      750539 :                             ATOMunfix(b->ttype, BUNtloc(bi, p)) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
    1778           0 :                                 MT_rwlock_wrunlock(&b->thashlock);
    1779           0 :                                 goto bailout;
    1780             :                         }
    1781      750543 :                         switch (ATOMsize(b->ttype)) {
    1782             :                         case 0:      /* void */
    1783             :                                 break;
    1784       13957 :                         case 1:
    1785       13957 :                                 ((bte *) b->theap->base)[p] = * (bte *) t;
    1786       13957 :                                 break;
    1787        7180 :                         case 2:
    1788        7180 :                                 ((sht *) b->theap->base)[p] = * (sht *) t;
    1789        7180 :                                 break;
    1790      181642 :                         case 4:
    1791      181642 :                                 ((int *) b->theap->base)[p] = * (int *) t;
    1792      181642 :                                 break;
    1793      547764 :                         case 8:
    1794      547764 :                                 ((lng *) b->theap->base)[p] = * (lng *) t;
    1795      547764 :                                 break;
    1796           0 :                         case 16:
    1797             : #ifdef HAVE_HGE
    1798           0 :                                 ((hge *) b->theap->base)[p] = * (hge *) t;
    1799             : #else
    1800             :                                 ((uuid *) b->theap->base)[p] = * (uuid *) t;
    1801             : #endif
    1802           0 :                                 break;
    1803           0 :                         default:
    1804           0 :                                 memcpy(BUNtloc(bi, p), t, ATOMsize(b->ttype));
    1805           0 :                                 break;
    1806             :                         }
    1807             :                 }
    1808             : 
    1809      824883 :                 HASHinsert_locked(&bi, p, t);       /* insert new value into hash */
    1810             : 
    1811      824822 :                 prv = p > 0 ? p - 1 : BUN_NONE;
    1812      824822 :                 nxt = p < last ? p + 1 : BUN_NONE;
    1813             : 
    1814      824822 :                 MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1815      824818 :                 if (b->tsorted) {
    1816        2818 :                         if (prv != BUN_NONE &&
    1817        1105 :                             atomcmp(t, BUNtail(bi, prv)) < 0) {
    1818          13 :                                 b->tsorted = false;
    1819          13 :                                 b->tnosorted = p;
    1820        2389 :                         } else if (nxt != BUN_NONE &&
    1821         689 :                                    atomcmp(t, BUNtail(bi, nxt)) > 0) {
    1822         623 :                                 b->tsorted = false;
    1823         623 :                                 b->tnosorted = nxt;
    1824        1077 :                         } else if (b->ttype != TYPE_void && BATtdense(b)) {
    1825           0 :                                 if (prv != BUN_NONE &&
    1826           0 :                                     1 + * (oid *) BUNtloc(bi, prv) != * (oid *) t) {
    1827           0 :                                         b->tseqbase = oid_nil;
    1828           0 :                                 } else if (nxt != BUN_NONE &&
    1829           0 :                                            * (oid *) BUNtloc(bi, nxt) != 1 + * (oid *) t) {
    1830           0 :                                         b->tseqbase = oid_nil;
    1831           0 :                                 } else if (prv == BUN_NONE &&
    1832           0 :                                            nxt == BUN_NONE) {
    1833           0 :                                         b->tseqbase = * (oid *) t;
    1834             :                                 }
    1835             :                         }
    1836      823105 :                 } else if (b->tnosorted >= p)
    1837        3199 :                         b->tnosorted = 0;
    1838      824818 :                 if (b->trevsorted) {
    1839        1310 :                         if (prv != BUN_NONE &&
    1840         377 :                             atomcmp(t, BUNtail(bi, prv)) > 0) {
    1841          40 :                                 b->trevsorted = false;
    1842          40 :                                 b->tnorevsorted = p;
    1843        1007 :                         } else if (nxt != BUN_NONE &&
    1844         114 :                                    atomcmp(t, BUNtail(bi, nxt)) < 0) {
    1845          16 :                                 b->trevsorted = false;
    1846          16 :                                 b->tnorevsorted = nxt;
    1847             :                         }
    1848      823885 :                 } else if (b->tnorevsorted >= p)
    1849        1678 :                         b->tnorevsorted = 0;
    1850      824818 :                 if (((b->ttype != TYPE_void) & b->tkey) && b->batCount > 1) {
    1851         915 :                         BATkey(b, false);
    1852      823903 :                 } else if (!b->tkey && (b->tnokey[0] == p || b->tnokey[1] == p))
    1853         803 :                         b->tnokey[0] = b->tnokey[1] = 0;
    1854      824818 :                 if (b->tnonil && ATOMstorage(b->ttype) != TYPE_msk)
    1855       61364 :                         b->tnonil = t && atomcmp(t, atomnil) != 0;
    1856     1065307 :                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1857             :         }
    1858     1065304 :         BUN nunique = b->thash ? b->thash->nunique : 0;
    1859     1065304 :         MT_rwlock_wrunlock(&b->thashlock);
    1860     1065358 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    1861     1065045 :         if (nunique != 0)
    1862       32967 :                 b->tunique_est = (double) nunique;
    1863     1065045 :         b->tminpos = bi.minpos;
    1864     1065045 :         b->tmaxpos = bi.maxpos;
    1865     1065045 :         b->theap->dirty = true;
    1866     1065045 :         if (b->tvheap)
    1867      144129 :                 b->tvheap->dirty = true;
    1868     1065045 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    1869             : 
    1870     1064798 :         return GDK_SUCCEED;
    1871             : 
    1872           0 :   bailout:
    1873           0 :         if (minbound)
    1874           0 :                 VALclear(&minprop);
    1875           0 :         if (maxbound)
    1876           0 :                 VALclear(&maxprop);
    1877             :         return GDK_FAIL;
    1878             : }
    1879             : 
    1880             : /* Replace multiple values given by their positions with the given values. */
    1881             : gdk_return
    1882      552583 : BUNreplacemulti(BAT *b, const oid *positions, const void *values, BUN count, bool force)
    1883             : {
    1884      552583 :         BATcheck(b, GDK_FAIL);
    1885             : 
    1886      552583 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_void && BATmaterialize(b, BUN_NONE) != GDK_SUCCEED)
    1887             :                 return GDK_FAIL;
    1888             : 
    1889      552583 :         return BUNinplacemulti(b, positions, values, count, force, false);
    1890             : }
    1891             : 
    1892             : /* Replace multiple values starting from a given position with the given
    1893             :  * values. */
    1894             : gdk_return
    1895      509790 : BUNreplacemultiincr(BAT *b, oid position, const void *values, BUN count, bool force)
    1896             : {
    1897      509790 :         BATcheck(b, GDK_FAIL);
    1898             : 
    1899      509790 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_void && BATmaterialize(b, BUN_NONE) != GDK_SUCCEED)
    1900             :                 return GDK_FAIL;
    1901             : 
    1902      509790 :         return BUNinplacemulti(b, &position, values, count, force, true);
    1903             : }
    1904             : 
    1905             : gdk_return
    1906      552583 : BUNreplace(BAT *b, oid id, const void *t, bool force)
    1907             : {
    1908      552583 :         return BUNreplacemulti(b, &id, b->ttype && b->tvheap ? (const void *) &t : t, 1, force);
    1909             : }
    1910             : 
    1911             : /* very much like BUNreplace, but this doesn't make any changes if the
    1912             :  * tail column is void */
    1913             : gdk_return
    1914        3127 : void_inplace(BAT *b, oid id, const void *val, bool force)
    1915             : {
    1916        3127 :         assert(id >= b->hseqbase && id < b->hseqbase + BATcount(b));
    1917        3127 :         if (id < b->hseqbase || id >= b->hseqbase + BATcount(b)) {
    1918             :                 GDKerror("id out of range\n");
    1919             :                 return GDK_FAIL;
    1920             :         }
    1921        3127 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_void)
    1922             :                 return GDK_SUCCEED;
    1923        3127 :         return BUNinplacemulti(b, &id, b->ttype && b->tvheap ? (const void *) &val : (const void *) val, 1, force, false);
    1924             : }
    1925             : 
    1926             : /*
    1927             :  * @- BUN Lookup
    1928             :  * Location of a BUN using a value should use the available indexes to
    1929             :  * speed up access. If indexes are lacking then a hash index is
    1930             :  * constructed under the assumption that 1) multiple access to the BAT
    1931             :  * can be expected and 2) building the hash is only slightly more
    1932             :  * expensive than the full linear scan.  BUN_NONE is returned if no
    1933             :  * such element could be found.  In those cases where the type is
    1934             :  * known and a hash index is available, one should use the inline
    1935             :  * functions to speed-up processing.
    1936             :  */
    1937             : static BUN
    1938           0 : slowfnd(BAT *b, const void *v)
    1939             : {
    1940           0 :         BATiter bi = bat_iterator(b);
    1941           0 :         BUN p, q;
    1942           0 :         int (*cmp)(const void *, const void *) = ATOMcompare(bi.type);
    1943             : 
    1944           0 :         BATloop(b, p, q) {
    1945           0 :                 if ((*cmp)(v, BUNtail(bi, p)) == 0) {
    1946           0 :                         bat_iterator_end(&bi);
    1947           0 :                         return p;
    1948             :                 }
    1949             :         }
    1950           0 :         bat_iterator_end(&bi);
    1951           0 :         return BUN_NONE;
    1952             : }
    1953             : 
    1954             : static BUN
    1955           0 : mskfnd(BAT *b, msk v)
    1956             : {
    1957           0 :         BUN p, q;
    1958             : 
    1959           0 :         if (v) {
    1960             :                 /* find a 1 value */
    1961           0 :                 for (p = 0, q = (BATcount(b) + 31) / 32; p < q; p++) {
    1962           0 :                         if (((uint32_t *) b->theap->base)[p] != 0) {
    1963             :                                 /* there's at least one 1 bit */
    1964           0 :                                 return p * 32 + candmask_lobit(((uint32_t *) b->theap->base)[p]);
    1965             :                         }
    1966             :                 }
    1967             :         } else {
    1968             :                 /* find a 0 value */
    1969           0 :                 for (p = 0, q = (BATcount(b) + 31) / 32; p < q; p++) {
    1970           0 :                         if (((uint32_t *) b->theap->base)[p] != ~0U) {
    1971             :                                 /* there's at least one 0 bit */
    1972           0 :                                 return p * 32 + candmask_lobit(~((uint32_t *) b->theap->base)[p]);
    1973             :                         }
    1974             :                 }
    1975             :         }
    1976             :         return BUN_NONE;
    1977             : }
    1978             : 
    1979             : BUN
    1980     1531866 : BUNfnd(BAT *b, const void *v)
    1981             : {
    1982     1531866 :         BUN r = BUN_NONE;
    1983     1531866 :         BATiter bi;
    1984             : 
    1985     1531866 :         BATcheck(b, BUN_NONE);
    1986     1531866 :         if (!v || BATcount(b) == 0)
    1987             :                 return r;
    1988     1119889 :         if (complex_cand(b)) {
    1989           0 :                 struct canditer ci;
    1990           0 :                 canditer_init(&ci, NULL, b);
    1991           0 :                 return canditer_search(&ci, * (const oid *) v, false);
    1992             :         }
    1993     1119889 :         if (BATtvoid(b))
    1994      523275 :                 return BUNfndVOID(b, v);
    1995      596614 :         if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_msk) {
    1996           0 :                 return mskfnd(b, *(msk*)v);
    1997             :         }
    1998      596614 :         if (!BATcheckhash(b)) {
    1999      130203 :                 if (BATordered(b) || BATordered_rev(b))
    2000      129860 :                         return SORTfnd(b, v);
    2001             :         }
    2002      466750 :         if (BAThash(b) == GDK_SUCCEED) {
    2003      466749 :                 bi = bat_iterator(b); /* outside of hashlock */
    2004      466762 :                 MT_rwlock_rdlock(&b->thashlock);
    2005      466762 :                 if (b->thash == NULL) {
    2006           0 :                         MT_rwlock_rdunlock(&b->thashlock);
    2007           0 :                         bat_iterator_end(&bi);
    2008           0 :                         goto hashfnd_failed;
    2009             :                 }
    2010      933258 :                 switch (ATOMbasetype(bi.type)) {
    2011           7 :                 case TYPE_bte:
    2012           7 :                         HASHloop_bte(bi, b->thash, r, v)
    2013             :                                 break;
    2014             :                         break;
    2015           0 :                 case TYPE_sht:
    2016           0 :                         HASHloop_sht(bi, b->thash, r, v)
    2017             :                                 break;
    2018             :                         break;
    2019          59 :                 case TYPE_int:
    2020          59 :                         HASHloop_int(bi, b->thash, r, v)
    2021             :                                 break;
    2022             :                         break;
    2023           0 :                 case TYPE_flt:
    2024           0 :                         HASHloop_flt(bi, b->thash, r, v)
    2025             :                                 break;
    2026             :                         break;
    2027           0 :                 case TYPE_dbl:
    2028           0 :                         HASHloop_dbl(bi, b->thash, r, v)
    2029             :                                 break;
    2030             :                         break;
    2031         247 :                 case TYPE_lng:
    2032         247 :                         HASHloop_lng(bi, b->thash, r, v)
    2033             :                                 break;
    2034             :                         break;
    2035             : #ifdef HAVE_HGE
    2036           0 :                 case TYPE_hge:
    2037           0 :                         HASHloop_hge(bi, b->thash, r, v)
    2038             :                                 break;
    2039             :                         break;
    2040             : #endif
    2041           0 :                 case TYPE_uuid:
    2042           0 :                         HASHloop_uuid(bi, b->thash, r, v)
    2043             :                                 break;
    2044             :                         break;
    2045      466448 :                 case TYPE_str:
    2046      648580 :                         HASHloop_str(bi, b->thash, r, v)
    2047             :                                 break;
    2048             :                         break;
    2049           1 :                 default:
    2050           3 :                         HASHloop(bi, b->thash, r, v)
    2051             :                                 break;
    2052             :                         break;
    2053             :                 }
    2054      466760 :                 MT_rwlock_rdunlock(&b->thashlock);
    2055      466761 :                 bat_iterator_end(&bi);
    2056      466761 :                 return r;
    2057             :         }
    2058           0 :   hashfnd_failed:
    2059             :         /* can't build hash table, search the slow way */
    2060           0 :         GDKclrerr();
    2061           0 :         return slowfnd(b, v);
    2062             : }
    2063             : 
    2064             : /*
    2065             :  * @+ BAT Property Management
    2066             :  *
    2067             :  * The function BATcount returns the number of active elements in a
    2068             :  * BAT.  Counting is type independent.  It can be implemented quickly,
    2069             :  * because the system ensures a dense BUN list.
    2070             :  */
    2071             : void
    2072     6797556 : BATsetcapacity(BAT *b, BUN cnt)
    2073             : {
    2074     6797556 :         b->batCapacity = cnt;
    2075     6797556 :         assert(b->batCount <= cnt);
    2076     6797556 : }
    2077             : 
    2078             : /* Set the batCount value for the bat and also set some dependent
    2079             :  * properties.  This function should be called only when it is save from
    2080             :  * concurrent use (e.g. when theaplock is being held). */
    2081             : void
    2082    87489881 : BATsetcount(BAT *b, BUN cnt)
    2083             : {
    2084             :         /* head column is always VOID, and some head properties never change */
    2085    87489881 :         assert(!is_oid_nil(b->hseqbase));
    2086    87489881 :         assert(cnt <= BUN_MAX);
    2087             : 
    2088    87489881 :         b->batCount = cnt;
    2089    87489881 :         if (b->theap->parentid == b->batCacheid) {
    2090    80697902 :                 b->theap->dirty |= b->ttype != TYPE_void && cnt > 0;
    2091    80697902 :                 b->theap->free = tailsize(b, cnt);
    2092             :         }
    2093    87489881 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_void)
    2094     8420794 :                 b->batCapacity = cnt;
    2095    87489881 :         if (cnt <= 1) {
    2096    13141296 :                 b->tsorted = b->trevsorted = ATOMlinear(b->ttype);
    2097    13141296 :                 b->tnosorted = b->tnorevsorted = 0;
    2098             :         }
    2099             :         /* if the BAT was made smaller, we need to zap some values */
    2100    87489881 :         if (b->tnosorted >= BATcount(b))
    2101    11215703 :                 b->tnosorted = 0;
    2102    87489881 :         if (b->tnorevsorted >= BATcount(b))
    2103    11211167 :                 b->tnorevsorted = 0;
    2104    87489881 :         if (b->tnokey[0] >= BATcount(b) || b->tnokey[1] >= BATcount(b)) {
    2105    11188023 :                 b->tnokey[0] = 0;
    2106    11188023 :                 b->tnokey[1] = 0;
    2107             :         }
    2108    87489881 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_void) {
    2109     8421151 :                 b->tsorted = true;
    2110     8421151 :                 if (is_oid_nil(b->tseqbase)) {
    2111     4358720 :                         b->tkey = cnt <= 1;
    2112     4358720 :                         b->trevsorted = true;
    2113     4358720 :                         b->tnil = true;
    2114     4358720 :                         b->tnonil = false;
    2115             :                 } else {
    2116     4062431 :                         b->tkey = true;
    2117     4062431 :                         b->trevsorted = cnt <= 1;
    2118     4062431 :                         b->tnil = false;
    2119     4062431 :                         b->tnonil = true;
    2120             :                 }
    2121             :         }
    2122    87489881 :         assert(b->batCapacity >= cnt);
    2123    87489881 : }
    2124             : 
    2125             : /*
    2126             :  * The key and name properties can be changed at any time.  Keyed
    2127             :  * dimensions are automatically supported by an auxiliary hash-based
    2128             :  * access structure to speed up searching. Turning off the key
    2129             :  * integrity property does not cause the index to disappear. It can
    2130             :  * still be used to speed-up retrieval. The routine BATkey sets the
    2131             :  * key property of the association head.
    2132             :  */
    2133             : gdk_return
    2134     6924929 : BATkey(BAT *b, bool flag)
    2135             : {
    2136     6924929 :         BATcheck(b, GDK_FAIL);
    2137     6924929 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_void) {
    2138       23919 :                 if (BATtdense(b) && !flag) {
    2139           0 :                         GDKerror("dense column must be unique.\n");
    2140           0 :                         return GDK_FAIL;
    2141             :                 }
    2142       23919 :                 if (is_oid_nil(b->tseqbase) && flag && b->batCount > 1) {
    2143           0 :                         GDKerror("void column cannot be unique.\n");
    2144           0 :                         return GDK_FAIL;
    2145             :                 }
    2146             :         }
    2147     6924929 :         b->tkey = flag;
    2148     6924929 :         if (!flag) {
    2149     5571541 :                 b->tseqbase = oid_nil;
    2150             :         } else
    2151     1353388 :                 b->tnokey[0] = b->tnokey[1] = 0;
    2152     6924929 :         gdk_return rc = GDK_SUCCEED;
    2153     6924929 :         if (flag && VIEWtparent(b)) {
    2154             :                 /* if a view is key, then so is the parent if the two
    2155             :                  * are aligned */
    2156     1264704 :                 BAT *bp = BATdescriptor(VIEWtparent(b));
    2157     1264643 :                 if (bp != NULL) {
    2158     1264643 :                         MT_lock_set(&bp->theaplock);
    2159     2196609 :                         if (BATcount(b) == BATcount(bp) &&
    2160      932425 :                             ATOMtype(BATttype(b)) == ATOMtype(BATttype(bp)) &&
    2161      932434 :                             !BATtkey(bp) &&
    2162       45102 :                             ((BATtvoid(b) && BATtvoid(bp) && b->tseqbase == bp->tseqbase) ||
    2163             :                              BATcount(b) == 0))
    2164       43454 :                                 rc = BATkey(bp, true);
    2165     1264184 :                         MT_lock_unset(&bp->theaplock);
    2166     1264642 :                         BBPunfix(bp->batCacheid);
    2167             :                 }
    2168             :         }
    2169             :         return rc;
    2170             : }
    2171             : 
    2172             : void
    2173     1606478 : BAThseqbase(BAT *b, oid o)
    2174             : {
    2175     1606478 :         if (b != NULL) {
    2176     1606478 :                 assert(o <= GDK_oid_max);    /* i.e., not oid_nil */
    2177     1606478 :                 assert(o + BATcount(b) <= GDK_oid_max);
    2178     1606478 :                 b->hseqbase = o;
    2179             :         }
    2180     1606478 : }
    2181             : 
    2182             : void
    2183     4903799 : BATtseqbase(BAT *b, oid o)
    2184             : {
    2185     4903799 :         assert(o <= oid_nil);
    2186     4903799 :         if (b == NULL)
    2187             :                 return;
    2188     4903799 :         assert(is_oid_nil(o) || o + BATcount(b) <= GDK_oid_max);
    2189     4903799 :         if (ATOMtype(b->ttype) == TYPE_oid) {
    2190     4256167 :                 b->tseqbase = o;
    2191             : 
    2192             :                 /* adapt keyness */
    2193     4256167 :                 if (BATtvoid(b)) {
    2194     4192268 :                         b->tsorted = true;
    2195     4192268 :                         if (is_oid_nil(o)) {
    2196          65 :                                 b->tkey = b->batCount <= 1;
    2197          65 :                                 b->tnonil = b->batCount == 0;
    2198          65 :                                 b->tnil = b->batCount > 0;
    2199          65 :                                 b->trevsorted = true;
    2200          65 :                                 b->tnosorted = b->tnorevsorted = 0;
    2201          65 :                                 if (!b->tkey) {
    2202           0 :                                         b->tnokey[0] = 0;
    2203           0 :                                         b->tnokey[1] = 1;
    2204             :                                 } else {
    2205          65 :                                         b->tnokey[0] = b->tnokey[1] = 0;
    2206             :                                 }
    2207             :                         } else {
    2208     4192203 :                                 if (!b->tkey) {
    2209        6804 :                                         b->tkey = true;
    2210        6804 :                                         b->tnokey[0] = b->tnokey[1] = 0;
    2211             :                                 }
    2212     4192203 :                                 b->tnonil = true;
    2213     4192203 :                                 b->tnil = false;
    2214     4192203 :                                 b->trevsorted = b->batCount <= 1;
    2215     4192203 :                                 if (!b->trevsorted)
    2216       15361 :                                         b->tnorevsorted = 1;
    2217             :                         }
    2218             :                 }
    2219             :         } else {
    2220      647632 :                 assert(o == oid_nil);
    2221      647632 :                 b->tseqbase = oid_nil;
    2222             :         }
    2223             : }
    2224             : 
    2225             : /*
    2226             :  * @- Change the BAT access permissions (read, append, write)
    2227             :  * Regrettably, BAT access-permissions, persistent status and memory
    2228             :  * map modes, interact in ways that makes one's brain sizzle. This
    2229             :  * makes BATsetaccess and TMcommit (where a change in BAT persistence
    2230             :  * mode is made permanent) points in which the memory map status of
    2231             :  * bats needs to be carefully re-assessed and ensured.
    2232             :  *
    2233             :  * Another complication is the fact that during commit, concurrent
    2234             :  * users may access the heaps, such that the simple solution
    2235             :  * unmap;re-map is out of the question.
    2236             :  * Even worse, it is not possible to even rename an open mmap file in
    2237             :  * Windows. For this purpose, we dropped the old .priv scheme, which
    2238             :  * relied on file moves. Now, the file that is opened with mmap is
    2239             :  * always the X file, in case of newstorage=STORE_PRIV, we save in a
    2240             :  * new file X.new
    2241             :  *
    2242             :  * we must consider the following dimensions:
    2243             :  *
    2244             :  * persistence:
    2245             :  *     not simply the current persistence mode but whether the bat *was*
    2246             :  *     present at the last commit point (BBP status & BBPEXISTING).
    2247             :  *     The crucial issue is namely whether we must guarantee recovery
    2248             :  *     to a previous sane state.
    2249             :  *
    2250             :  * access:
    2251             :  *     whether the BAT is BAT_READ or BAT_WRITE. Note that BAT_APPEND
    2252             :  *     is usually the same as BAT_READ (as our concern are only data pages
    2253             :  *     that already existed at the last commit).
    2254             :  *
    2255             :  * storage:
    2256             :  *     the current way the heap file X is memory-mapped;
    2257             :  *     STORE_MMAP uses direct mapping (so dirty pages may be flushed
    2258             :  *     at any time to disk), STORE_PRIV uses copy-on-write.
    2259             :  *
    2260             :  * newstorage:
    2261             :  *     the current save-regime. STORE_MMAP calls msync() on the heap X,
    2262             :  *     whereas STORE_PRIV writes the *entire* heap in a file: X.new
    2263             :  *     If a BAT is loaded from disk, the field newstorage is used
    2264             :  *     to set storage as well (so before change-access and commit-
    2265             :  *     persistence mayhem, we always have newstorage=storage).
    2266             :  *
    2267             :  * change-access:
    2268             :  *     what happens if the bat-access mode is changed from
    2269             :  *     BAT_READ into BAT_WRITE (or vice versa).
    2270             :  *
    2271             :  * commit-persistence:
    2272             :  *     what happens during commit if the bat-persistence mode was
    2273             :  *     changed (from TRANSIENT into PERSISTENT, or vice versa).
    2274             :  *
    2275             :  * this is the scheme:
    2276             :  *
    2277             :  *  persistence access    newstorage storage    change-access commit-persistence
    2278             :  *  =========== ========= ========== ========== ============= ==================
    2279             :  * 0 transient  BAT_READ  STORE_MMAP STORE_MMAP =>2           =>4
    2280             :  * 1 transient  BAT_READ  STORE_PRIV STORE_PRIV =>3           =>5
    2281             :  * 2 transient  BAT_WRITE STORE_MMAP STORE_MMAP =>0           =>6+
    2282             :  * 3 transient  BAT_WRITE STORE_PRIV STORE_PRIV =>1           =>7
    2283             :  * 4 persistent BAT_READ  STORE_MMAP STORE_MMAP =>6+          =>0
    2284             :  * 5 persistent BAT_READ  STORE_PRIV STORE_PRIV =>7           =>1
    2285             :  * 6 persistent BAT_WRITE STORE_PRIV STORE_MMAP del X.new=>4+ del X.new;=>2+
    2286             :  * 7 persistent BAT_WRITE STORE_PRIV STORE_PRIV =>5           =>3
    2287             :  *
    2288             :  * exception states:
    2289             :  * a transient  BAT_READ  STORE_PRIV STORE_MMAP =>b           =>c
    2290             :  * b transient  BAT_WRITE STORE_PRIV STORE_MMAP =>a           =>6
    2291             :  * c persistent BAT_READ  STORE_PRIV STORE_MMAP =>6           =>a
    2292             :  *
    2293             :  * (+) indicates that we must ensure that the heap gets saved in its new mode
    2294             :  *
    2295             :  * Note that we now allow a heap with save-regime STORE_PRIV that was
    2296             :  * actually mapped STORE_MMAP. In effect, the potential corruption of
    2297             :  * the X file is compensated by writing out full X.new files that take
    2298             :  * precedence.  When transitioning out of this state towards one with
    2299             :  * both storage regime and OS as STORE_MMAP we need to move the X.new
    2300             :  * files into the backup directory. Then msync the X file and (on
    2301             :  * success) remove the X.new; see backup_new().
    2302             :  *
    2303             :  * Exception states are only reachable if the commit fails and those
    2304             :  * new persistent bats have already been processed (but never become
    2305             :  * part of a committed state). In that case a transition 2=>6 may end
    2306             :  * up 2=>b.  Exception states a and c are reachable from b.
    2307             :  *
    2308             :  * Errors in HEAPchangeaccess() can be handled atomically inside the
    2309             :  * routine.  The work on changing mmap modes HEAPcommitpersistence()
    2310             :  * is done during the BBPsync() for all bats that are newly persistent
    2311             :  * (BBPNEW). After the TMcommit(), it is done for those bats that are
    2312             :  * no longer persistent after the commit (BBPDELETED), only if it
    2313             :  * succeeds.  Such transient bats cannot be processed before the
    2314             :  * commit, because the commit may fail and then the more unsafe
    2315             :  * transient mmap modes would be present on a persistent bat.
    2316             :  *
    2317             :  * See dirty_bat() in BBPsync() -- gdk_bbp.c and epilogue() in
    2318             :  * gdk_tm.c.
    2319             :  *
    2320             :  * Including the exception states, we have 11 of the 16
    2321             :  * combinations. As for the 5 avoided states, all four
    2322             :  * (persistence,access) states with (STORE_MMAP,STORE_PRIV) are
    2323             :  * omitted (this would amount to an msync() save regime on a
    2324             :  * copy-on-write heap -- which does not work). The remaining avoided
    2325             :  * state is the patently unsafe
    2326             :  * (persistent,BAT_WRITE,STORE_MMAP,STORE_MMAP).
    2327             :  *
    2328             :  * Note that after a server restart exception states are gone, as on
    2329             :  * BAT loads the saved descriptor is inspected again (which will
    2330             :  * reproduce the state at the last succeeded commit).
    2331             :  *
    2332             :  * To avoid exception states, a TMsubcommit protocol would need to be
    2333             :  * used which is too heavy for BATsetaccess().
    2334             :  *
    2335             :  * Note that this code is not about making heaps mmap-ed in the first
    2336             :  * place.  It is just about determining which flavor of mmap should be
    2337             :  * used. The MAL user is oblivious of such details.
    2338             :  */
    2339             : 
    2340             : /* rather than deleting X.new, we comply with the commit protocol and
    2341             :  * move it to backup storage */
    2342             : static gdk_return
    2343           0 : backup_new(Heap *hp, bool lock)
    2344             : {
    2345           0 :         int batret, bakret, ret = -1;
    2346           0 :         char *batpath, *bakpath;
    2347           0 :         struct stat st;
    2348             : 
    2349           0 :         char *bak_filename = NULL;
    2350           0 :         if ((bak_filename = strrchr(hp->filename, DIR_SEP)) != NULL)
    2351           0 :                 bak_filename++;
    2352             :         else
    2353             :                 bak_filename = hp->filename;
    2354             :         /* check for an existing X.new in BATDIR, BAKDIR and SUBDIR */
    2355           0 :         batpath = GDKfilepath(hp->farmid, BATDIR, hp->filename, "new");
    2356           0 :         bakpath = GDKfilepath(hp->farmid, BAKDIR, bak_filename, "new");
    2357           0 :         if (batpath != NULL && bakpath != NULL) {
    2358             :                 /* file actions here interact with the global commits */
    2359           0 :                 if (lock)
    2360           0 :                         BBPtmlock();
    2361             : 
    2362           0 :                 batret = MT_stat(batpath, &st);
    2363           0 :                 bakret = MT_stat(bakpath, &st);
    2364             : 
    2365           0 :                 if (batret == 0 && bakret) {
    2366             :                         /* no backup yet, so move the existing X.new there out
    2367             :                          * of the way */
    2368           0 :                         if ((ret = MT_rename(batpath, bakpath)) < 0)
    2369           0 :                                 GDKsyserror("backup_new: rename %s to %s failed\n",
    2370             :                                             batpath, bakpath);
    2371           0 :                         TRC_DEBUG(IO_, "rename(%s,%s) = %d\n", batpath, bakpath, ret);
    2372           0 :                 } else if (batret == 0) {
    2373             :                         /* there is a backup already; just remove the X.new */
    2374           0 :                         if ((ret = MT_remove(batpath)) != 0)
    2375           0 :                                 GDKsyserror("backup_new: remove %s failed\n", batpath);
    2376           0 :                         TRC_DEBUG(IO_, "remove(%s) = %d\n", batpath, ret);
    2377             :                 } else {
    2378             :                         ret = 0;
    2379             :                 }
    2380           0 :                 if (lock)
    2381           0 :                         BBPtmunlock();
    2382             :         }
    2383           0 :         GDKfree(batpath);
    2384           0 :         GDKfree(bakpath);
    2385           0 :         return ret ? GDK_FAIL : GDK_SUCCEED;
    2386             : }
    2387             : 
    2388             : #define ACCESSMODE(wr,rd) ((wr)?BAT_WRITE:(rd)?BAT_READ:-1)
    2389             : 
    2390             : /* transition heap from readonly to writable */
    2391             : static storage_t
    2392     3958158 : HEAPchangeaccess(Heap *hp, int dstmode, bool existing)
    2393             : {
    2394     3958158 :         if (hp->base == NULL || hp->newstorage == STORE_MEM || !existing || dstmode == -1)
    2395     3958158 :                 return hp->newstorage;       /* 0<=>2,1<=>3,a<=>b */
    2396             : 
    2397           0 :         if (dstmode == BAT_WRITE) {
    2398           0 :                 if (hp->storage != STORE_PRIV)
    2399           0 :                         hp->dirty = true;    /* exception c does not make it dirty */
    2400           0 :                 return STORE_PRIV;      /* 4=>6,5=>7,c=>6 persistent BAT_WRITE needs STORE_PRIV */
    2401             :         }
    2402           0 :         if (hp->storage == STORE_MMAP) {     /* 6=>4 */
    2403           0 :                 hp->dirty = true;
    2404           0 :                 return backup_new(hp, true) != GDK_SUCCEED ? STORE_INVALID : STORE_MMAP;        /* only called for existing bats */
    2405             :         }
    2406             :         return hp->storage;  /* 7=>5 */
    2407             : }
    2408             : 
    2409             : /* heap changes persistence mode (at commit point) */
    2410             : static storage_t
    2411      333656 : HEAPcommitpersistence(Heap *hp, bool writable, bool existing)
    2412             : {
    2413      333656 :         if (existing) {         /* existing, ie will become transient */
    2414       58284 :                 if (hp->storage == STORE_MMAP && hp->newstorage == STORE_PRIV && writable) {      /* 6=>2 */
    2415           0 :                         hp->dirty = true;
    2416           0 :                         return backup_new(hp, false) != GDK_SUCCEED ? STORE_INVALID : STORE_MMAP;       /* only called for existing bats */
    2417             :                 }
    2418       58284 :                 return hp->newstorage;       /* 4=>0,5=>1,7=>3,c=>a no change */
    2419             :         }
    2420             :         /* !existing, ie will become persistent */
    2421      275372 :         if (hp->newstorage == STORE_MEM)
    2422             :                 return hp->newstorage;
    2423        1416 :         if (hp->newstorage == STORE_MMAP && !writable)
    2424             :                 return STORE_MMAP;      /* 0=>4 STORE_MMAP */
    2425             : 
    2426           0 :         if (hp->newstorage == STORE_MMAP)
    2427           0 :                 hp->dirty = true;    /* 2=>6 */
    2428             :         return STORE_PRIV;      /* 1=>5,2=>6,3=>7,a=>c,b=>6 states */
    2429             : }
    2430             : 
    2431             : 
    2432             : #define ATOMappendpriv(t, h) (ATOMstorage(t) != TYPE_str /*|| GDK_ELIMDOUBLES(h) */)
    2433             : 
    2434             : /* change the heap modes at a commit */
    2435             : gdk_return
    2436      293341 : BATcheckmodes(BAT *b, bool existing)
    2437             : {
    2438      293341 :         storage_t m1 = STORE_MEM, m3 = STORE_MEM;
    2439      293341 :         bool dirty = false, wr;
    2440             : 
    2441      293341 :         BATcheck(b, GDK_FAIL);
    2442             : 
    2443      293341 :         wr = (b->batRestricted == BAT_WRITE);
    2444      293341 :         if (b->ttype) {
    2445      293341 :                 m1 = HEAPcommitpersistence(b->theap, wr, existing);
    2446      293341 :                 dirty |= (b->theap->newstorage != m1);
    2447             :         }
    2448             : 
    2449      293341 :         if (b->tvheap) {
    2450       40315 :                 bool ta = (b->batRestricted == BAT_APPEND) && ATOMappendpriv(b->ttype, b->tvheap);
    2451       40315 :                 m3 = HEAPcommitpersistence(b->tvheap, wr || ta, existing);
    2452       40315 :                 dirty |= (b->tvheap->newstorage != m3);
    2453             :         }
    2454      293341 :         if (m1 == STORE_INVALID || m3 == STORE_INVALID)
    2455             :                 return GDK_FAIL;
    2456             : 
    2457      293341 :         if (dirty) {
    2458           0 :                 b->theap->newstorage = m1;
    2459           0 :                 if (b->tvheap)
    2460           0 :                         b->tvheap->newstorage = m3;
    2461             :         }
    2462             :         return GDK_SUCCEED;
    2463             : }
    2464             : 
    2465             : BAT *
    2466     5192020 : BATsetaccess(BAT *b, restrict_t newmode)
    2467             : {
    2468     5192020 :         restrict_t bakmode;
    2469             : 
    2470     5192020 :         BATcheck(b, NULL);
    2471     5192020 :         if (newmode != BAT_READ &&
    2472       19382 :             (isVIEW(b) || (ATOMIC_GET(&b->theap->refs) & HEAPREFS) > 1)) {
    2473           0 :                 BAT *bn = COLcopy(b, b->ttype, true, b->batRole);
    2474           0 :                 BBPunfix(b->batCacheid);
    2475           0 :                 if (bn == NULL)
    2476             :                         return NULL;
    2477             :                 b = bn;
    2478             :         }
    2479     5192020 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    2480     5192038 :         bakmode = b->batRestricted;
    2481     5192038 :         if (bakmode != newmode) {
    2482     3472039 :                 bool existing = (BBP_status(b->batCacheid) & BBPEXISTING) != 0;
    2483     3472039 :                 bool wr = (newmode == BAT_WRITE);
    2484     3472039 :                 bool rd = (bakmode == BAT_WRITE);
    2485     3472039 :                 storage_t m1 = STORE_MEM, m3 = STORE_MEM;
    2486     3472039 :                 storage_t b1 = STORE_MEM, b3 = STORE_MEM;
    2487             : 
    2488     3472039 :                 if (b->theap->parentid == b->batCacheid) {
    2489     3471108 :                         b1 = b->theap->newstorage;
    2490     3481128 :                         m1 = HEAPchangeaccess(b->theap, ACCESSMODE(wr, rd), existing);
    2491             :                 }
    2492     3471712 :                 if (b->tvheap && b->tvheap->parentid == b->batCacheid) {
    2493      487228 :                         bool ta = (newmode == BAT_APPEND && ATOMappendpriv(b->ttype, b->tvheap));
    2494      487228 :                         b3 = b->tvheap->newstorage;
    2495      974420 :                         m3 = HEAPchangeaccess(b->tvheap, ACCESSMODE(wr && ta, rd && ta), existing);
    2496             :                 }
    2497     3471587 :                 if (m1 == STORE_INVALID || m3 == STORE_INVALID) {
    2498     1027929 :                         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    2499     1028055 :                         BBPunfix(b->batCacheid);
    2500     1028055 :                         return NULL;
    2501             :                 }
    2502             : 
    2503             :                 /* set new access mode and mmap modes */
    2504     2443658 :                 b->batRestricted = newmode;
    2505     2443658 :                 if (b->theap->parentid == b->batCacheid)
    2506     2443307 :                         b->theap->newstorage = m1;
    2507     2443658 :                 if (b->tvheap && b->tvheap->parentid == b->batCacheid)
    2508      475770 :                         b->tvheap->newstorage = m3;
    2509             : 
    2510     2443658 :                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    2511     2443418 :                 if (existing && !isVIEW(b) && BBPsave(b) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
    2512             :                         /* roll back all changes */
    2513           0 :                         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    2514           0 :                         b->batRestricted = bakmode;
    2515           0 :                         b->theap->newstorage = b1;
    2516           0 :                         if (b->tvheap)
    2517           0 :                                 b->tvheap->newstorage = b3;
    2518           0 :                         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    2519           0 :                         BBPunfix(b->batCacheid);
    2520           0 :                         return NULL;
    2521             :                 }
    2522             :         } else {
    2523     1719999 :                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    2524             :         }
    2525             :         return b;
    2526             : }
    2527             : 
    2528             : restrict_t
    2529           0 : BATgetaccess(BAT *b)
    2530             : {
    2531           0 :         BATcheck(b, BAT_WRITE);
    2532           0 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    2533           0 :         restrict_t restricted = b->batRestricted;
    2534           0 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    2535           0 :         return restricted;
    2536             : }
    2537             : 
    2538             : /*
    2539             :  * @- change BAT persistency (persistent,session,transient)
    2540             :  * In the past, we prevented BATS with certain types from being saved at all:
    2541             :  * - BATs of BATs, as having recursive bats creates cascading
    2542             :  *   complexities in commits/aborts.
    2543             :  * - any atom with refcounts, as the BBP has no overview of such
    2544             :  *   user-defined refcounts.
    2545             :  * - pointer types, as the values they point to are bound to be transient.
    2546             :  *
    2547             :  * However, nowadays we do allow such saves, as the BBP swapping
    2548             :  * mechanism was altered to be able to save transient bats temporarily
    2549             :  * to disk in order to make room.  Thus, we must be able to save any
    2550             :  * transient BAT to disk.
    2551             :  *
    2552             :  * What we don't allow is to make such bats persistent.
    2553             :  *
    2554             :  * Although the persistent state does influence the allowed mmap
    2555             :  * modes, this only goes for the *real* committed persistent
    2556             :  * state. Making the bat persistent with BATmode does not matter for
    2557             :  * the heap modes until the commit point is reached. So we do not need
    2558             :  * to do anything with heap modes yet at this point.
    2559             :  */
    2560             : gdk_return
    2561      426368 : BATmode(BAT *b, bool transient)
    2562             : {
    2563      426368 :         BATcheck(b, GDK_FAIL);
    2564             : 
    2565             :         /* can only make a bat PERSISTENT if its role is already
    2566             :          * PERSISTENT */
    2567      426368 :         assert(transient || b->batRole == PERSISTENT);
    2568             :         /* cannot make a view PERSISTENT */
    2569      242945 :         assert(transient || !isVIEW(b));
    2570             : 
    2571      426368 :         if (b->batRole == TRANSIENT && !transient) {
    2572           0 :                 GDKerror("cannot change mode of BAT in TRANSIENT farm.\n");
    2573           0 :                 return GDK_FAIL;
    2574             :         }
    2575             : 
    2576      426368 :         BATiter bi = bat_iterator(b);
    2577      426368 :         bool mustrelease = false;
    2578      426368 :         bat bid = b->batCacheid;
    2579             : 
    2580      426368 :         if (transient != bi.transient) {
    2581      426368 :                 if (!transient) {
    2582      242945 :                         if (ATOMisdescendant(b->ttype, TYPE_ptr) ||
    2583      242945 :                             BATatoms[b->ttype].atomUnfix ||
    2584      242945 :                             BATatoms[b->ttype].atomFix) {
    2585           0 :                                 GDKerror("%s type implies that %s[%s] "
    2586             :                                          "cannot be made persistent.\n",
    2587             :                                          ATOMname(b->ttype), BATgetId(b),
    2588             :                                          ATOMname(b->ttype));
    2589           0 :                                 bat_iterator_end(&bi);
    2590           0 :                                 return GDK_FAIL;
    2591             :                         }
    2592             :                 }
    2593             : 
    2594             :                 /* persistent BATs get a logical reference */
    2595      426368 :                 if (!transient) {
    2596      242945 :                         BBPretain(bid);
    2597      183423 :                 } else if (!bi.transient) {
    2598             :                         /* we need to delay the release because if there
    2599             :                          * is no fix and the bat is loaded, BBPrelease
    2600             :                          * can call BBPfree which calls BATfree which
    2601             :                          * may hang while waiting for the heap reference
    2602             :                          * that we have because of the BAT iterator to
    2603             :                          * come down, in other words, deadlock */
    2604      426368 :                         mustrelease = true;
    2605             :                 }
    2606      426368 :                 MT_lock_set(&GDKswapLock(bid));
    2607      426368 :                 if (!transient) {
    2608      242945 :                         if (BBP_status(bid) & BBPDELETED) {
    2609           0 :                                 BBP_status_on(bid, BBPEXISTING);
    2610           0 :                                 BBP_status_off(bid, BBPDELETED);
    2611             :                         } else
    2612      242945 :                                 BBP_status_on(bid, BBPNEW);
    2613      183423 :                 } else if (!bi.transient) {
    2614      183423 :                         if (!(BBP_status(bid) & BBPNEW))
    2615       60115 :                                 BBP_status_on(bid, BBPDELETED);
    2616      183423 :                         BBP_status_off(bid, BBPPERSISTENT);
    2617             :                 }
    2618             :                 /* session bats or persistent bats that did not
    2619             :                  * witness a commit yet may have been saved */
    2620      426368 :                 MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    2621      426368 :                 if (b->batCopiedtodisk) {
    2622       49917 :                         if (!transient) {
    2623         545 :                                 BBP_status_off(bid, BBPTMP);
    2624             :                         } else {
    2625             :                                 /* TMcommit must remove it to
    2626             :                                  * guarantee free space */
    2627       49372 :                                 BBP_status_on(bid, BBPTMP);
    2628             :                         }
    2629             :                 }
    2630      426368 :                 b->batTransient = transient;
    2631      426368 :                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    2632      426368 :                 MT_lock_unset(&GDKswapLock(bid));
    2633             :         }
    2634      426368 :         bat_iterator_end(&bi);
    2635             :         /* release after bat_iterator_end because of refs to heaps */
    2636      426368 :         if (mustrelease)
    2637      183423 :                 BBPrelease(bid);
    2638             :         return GDK_SUCCEED;
    2639             : }
    2640             : 
    2641             : /* BATassertProps checks whether properties are set correctly.  Under
    2642             :  * no circumstances will it change any properties.  Note that the
    2643             :  * "nil" property is not actually used anywhere, but it is checked. */
    2644             : 
    2645             : #ifdef NDEBUG
    2646             : /* assertions are disabled, turn failing tests into a message */
    2647             : #undef assert
    2648             : #define assert(test)    ((void) ((test) || (TRC_CRITICAL_ENDIF(CHECK_, "Assertion `%s' failed\n", #test), 0)))
    2649             : #endif
    2650             : 
    2651             : /* Assert that properties are set correctly.
    2652             :  *
    2653             :  * A BAT can have a bunch of properties set.  Mostly, the property
    2654             :  * bits are set if we *know* the property holds, and not set if we
    2655             :  * don't know whether the property holds (or if we know it doesn't
    2656             :  * hold).  All properties are per column.
    2657             :  *
    2658             :  * The properties currently maintained are:
    2659             :  *
    2660             :  * seqbase      Only valid for TYPE_oid and TYPE_void columns: each
    2661             :  *              value in the column is exactly one more than the
    2662             :  *              previous value, starting at position 0 with the value
    2663             :  *              stored in this property.
    2664             :  *              This implies sorted, key, nonil (which therefore need
    2665             :  *              to be set).
    2666             :  * nil          There is at least one NIL value in the column.
    2667             :  * nonil        There are no NIL values in the column.
    2668             :  * key          All values in the column are distinct.
    2669             :  * sorted       The column is sorted (ascending).  If also revsorted,
    2670             :  *              then all values are equal.
    2671             :  * revsorted    The column is reversely sorted (descending).  If
    2672             :  *              also sorted, then all values are equal.
    2673             :  * nosorted     BUN position which proofs not sorted (given position
    2674             :  *              and one before are not ordered correctly).
    2675             :  * norevsorted  BUN position which proofs not revsorted (given position
    2676             :  *              and one before are not ordered correctly).
    2677             :  * nokey        Pair of BUN positions that proof not all values are
    2678             :  *              distinct (i.e. values at given locations are equal).
    2679             :  *
    2680             :  * Note that the functions BATtseqbase and BATkey also set more
    2681             :  * properties than you might suspect.  When setting properties on a
    2682             :  * newly created and filled BAT, you may want to first make sure the
    2683             :  * batCount is set correctly (e.g. by calling BATsetcount), then use
    2684             :  * BATtseqbase and BATkey, and finally set the other properties.
    2685             :  *
    2686             :  * For a view, we cannot check all properties, since it is possible with
    2687             :  * the way the SQL layer works, that a parent BAT gets changed, changing
    2688             :  * the properties, while there is a view.  The view is supposed to look
    2689             :  * at only the non-changing part of the BAT (through candidate lists),
    2690             :  * but this means that the properties of the view might not be correct.
    2691             :  * For this reason, for views, we skip all property checking that looks
    2692             :  * at the BAT content.
    2693             :  */
    2694             : 
    2695             : void
    2696    26621627 : BATassertProps(BAT *b)
    2697             : {
    2698    26621627 :         unsigned bbpstatus;
    2699    26621627 :         BUN p, q;
    2700    26621627 :         int (*cmpf)(const void *, const void *);
    2701    26621627 :         int cmp;
    2702    26621627 :         const void *prev = NULL, *valp, *nilp;
    2703    26621627 :         char filename[sizeof(b->theap->filename)];
    2704    26621627 :         bool isview1, isview2;
    2705             : 
    2706             :         /* do the complete check within a lock */
    2707    26621627 :         MT_lock_set(&b->theaplock);
    2708             : 
    2709             :         /* general BAT sanity */
    2710    26592812 :         assert(b != NULL);
    2711    26592812 :         assert(b->batCacheid > 0);
    2712    26592812 :         assert(b->batCacheid < getBBPsize());
    2713    26614145 :         assert(b == BBP_cache(b->batCacheid));
    2714    26614145 :         assert(b->batCount >= b->batInserted);
    2715             : 
    2716             :         /* headless */
    2717    26614145 :         assert(b->hseqbase <= GDK_oid_max); /* non-nil seqbase */
    2718    26614145 :         assert(b->hseqbase + BATcount(b) <= GDK_oid_max);
    2719             : 
    2720    26614145 :         isview1 = b->theap->parentid != b->batCacheid;
    2721    26614145 :         isview2 = b->tvheap && b->tvheap->parentid != b->batCacheid;
    2722             : 
    2723    26614145 :         bbpstatus = BBP_status(b->batCacheid);
    2724             :         /* only at most one of BBPDELETED, BBPEXISTING, BBPNEW may be set */
    2725    26614145 :         assert(((bbpstatus & BBPDELETED) != 0) +
    2726             :                ((bbpstatus & BBPEXISTING) != 0) +
    2727             :                ((bbpstatus & BBPNEW) != 0) <= 1);
    2728             : 
    2729    26614145 :         assert(b->ttype >= TYPE_void);
    2730    26614145 :         assert(b->ttype < GDKatomcnt);
    2731    26614145 :         assert(b->ttype != TYPE_bat);
    2732    26614145 :         assert(isview1 ||
    2733             :                b->ttype == TYPE_void ||
    2734             :                BBPfarms[b->theap->farmid].roles & (1 << b->batRole));
    2735    26614145 :         assert(isview2 ||
    2736             :                b->tvheap == NULL ||
    2737             :                (BBPfarms[b->tvheap->farmid].roles & (1 << b->batRole)));
    2738             : 
    2739    26614145 :         cmpf = ATOMcompare(b->ttype);
    2740    26614145 :         nilp = ATOMnilptr(b->ttype);
    2741             : 
    2742    26614145 :         assert(isview1 || b->theap->free >= tailsize(b, BATcount(b)));
    2743    26614145 :         if (b->ttype != TYPE_void) {
    2744    24298551 :                 assert(b->batCount <= b->batCapacity);
    2745    24298551 :                 assert(isview1 || b->theap->size >= b->theap->free);
    2746    24298551 :                 if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_msk) {
    2747             :                         /* 32 values per 4-byte word (that's not the
    2748             :                          * same as 8 values per byte...) */
    2749        4154 :                         assert(isview1 || b->theap->size >= 4 * ((b->batCapacity + 31) / 32));
    2750             :                 } else
    2751    24294397 :                         assert(isview1 || b->theap->size >> b->tshift >= b->batCapacity);
    2752             :         }
    2753    26614145 :         if (!isview1) {
    2754    23636127 :                 strconcat_len(filename, sizeof(filename),
    2755    23636127 :                               BBP_physical(b->theap->parentid),
    2756     1487962 :                               b->ttype == TYPE_str ? b->twidth == 1 ? ".tail1" : b->twidth == 2 ? ".tail2" :
    2757             : #if SIZEOF_VAR_T == 8
    2758             :                               b->twidth == 4 ? ".tail4" :
    2759             : #endif
    2760             :                               ".tail" : ".tail",
    2761             :                               NULL);
    2762    23639938 :                 assert(strcmp(b->theap->filename, filename) == 0);
    2763             :         }
    2764    26617956 :         if (!isview2 && b->tvheap) {
    2765     1374236 :                 strconcat_len(filename, sizeof(filename),
    2766     1374236 :                               BBP_physical(b->tvheap->parentid),
    2767             :                               ".theap",
    2768             :                               NULL);
    2769     1373799 :                 assert(strcmp(b->tvheap->filename, filename) == 0);
    2770             :         }
    2771             : 
    2772             :         /* void, str and blob imply varsized */
    2773    26617519 :         if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_str ||
    2774             :             ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_blob)
    2775     2026239 :                 assert(b->tvheap != NULL);
    2776             :         /* other "known" types are not varsized */
    2777    26617519 :         if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) > TYPE_void &&
    2778             :             ATOMstorage(b->ttype) < TYPE_str)
    2779    22281196 :                 assert(b->tvheap == NULL);
    2780             :         /* shift and width have a particular relationship */
    2781    26617519 :         if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_str)
    2782     2024149 :                 assert(b->twidth >= 1 && b->twidth <= ATOMsize(b->ttype));
    2783             :         else
    2784    24593370 :                 assert(b->twidth == ATOMsize(b->ttype));
    2785    26617519 :         assert(b->tseqbase <= oid_nil);
    2786             :         /* only oid/void columns can be dense */
    2787    26617519 :         assert(is_oid_nil(b->tseqbase) || b->ttype == TYPE_oid || b->ttype == TYPE_void);
    2788             :         /* a column cannot both have and not have NILs */
    2789    26617519 :         assert(!b->tnil || !b->tnonil);
    2790    26617519 :         if (b->ttype == TYPE_void) {
    2791     2305447 :                 assert(b->tshift == 0);
    2792     2305447 :                 assert(b->twidth == 0);
    2793     2305447 :                 assert(b->tsorted);
    2794     2305447 :                 if (is_oid_nil(b->tseqbase)) {
    2795         226 :                         assert(b->tvheap == NULL);
    2796         226 :                         assert(BATcount(b) == 0 || !b->tnonil);
    2797         226 :                         assert(BATcount(b) <= 1 || !b->tkey);
    2798         226 :                         assert(b->trevsorted);
    2799             :                 } else {
    2800     2305221 :                         if (b->tvheap != NULL) {
    2801             :                                 /* candidate list with exceptions */
    2802       21834 :                                 assert(b->batRole == TRANSIENT || b->batRole == SYSTRANS);
    2803       21834 :                                 assert(b->tvheap->free <= b->tvheap->size);
    2804       21834 :                                 assert(b->tvheap->free >= sizeof(ccand_t));
    2805       21834 :                                 assert((negoid_cand(b) && ccand_free(b) % SIZEOF_OID == 0) || mask_cand(b));
    2806       21834 :                                 if (negoid_cand(b) && ccand_free(b) > 0) {
    2807           4 :                                         const oid *oids = (const oid *) ccand_first(b);
    2808           4 :                                         q = ccand_free(b) / SIZEOF_OID;
    2809           4 :                                         assert(oids != NULL);
    2810           4 :                                         assert(b->tseqbase + BATcount(b) + q <= GDK_oid_max);
    2811             :                                         /* exceptions within range */
    2812           4 :                                         assert(oids[0] >= b->tseqbase);
    2813           4 :                                         assert(oids[q - 1] < b->tseqbase + BATcount(b) + q);
    2814             :                                         /* exceptions sorted */
    2815           6 :                                         for (p = 1; p < q; p++)
    2816           2 :                                                 assert(oids[p - 1] < oids[p]);
    2817             :                                 }
    2818             :                         }
    2819     2305221 :                         assert(b->tseqbase + b->batCount <= GDK_oid_max);
    2820     2305221 :                         assert(BATcount(b) == 0 || !b->tnil);
    2821     2305221 :                         assert(BATcount(b) <= 1 || !b->trevsorted);
    2822     2305221 :                         assert(b->tkey);
    2823     2305221 :                         assert(b->tnonil);
    2824             :                 }
    2825     2305447 :                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    2826    22954049 :                 return;
    2827             :         }
    2828             : 
    2829    24312072 :         BATiter bi  = bat_iterator_nolock(b);
    2830             : 
    2831    24312072 :         if (BATtdense(b)) {
    2832      194669 :                 assert(b->tseqbase + b->batCount <= GDK_oid_max);
    2833      194669 :                 assert(b->ttype == TYPE_oid);
    2834      194669 :                 assert(b->tsorted);
    2835      194669 :                 assert(b->tkey);
    2836      194669 :                 assert(b->tnonil);
    2837      194669 :                 if ((q = b->batCount) != 0) {
    2838      153916 :                         const oid *o = (const oid *) Tloc(b, 0);
    2839      153916 :                         assert(*o == b->tseqbase);
    2840    25527923 :                         for (p = 1; p < q; p++)
    2841    25374007 :                                 assert(o[p - 1] + 1 == o[p]);
    2842             :                 }
    2843      194669 :                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    2844      194662 :                 return;
    2845             :         }
    2846    24117403 :         assert(1 << b->tshift == b->twidth);
    2847             :         /* only linear atoms can be sorted */
    2848    24117403 :         assert(!b->tsorted || ATOMlinear(b->ttype));
    2849    24117403 :         assert(!b->trevsorted || ATOMlinear(b->ttype));
    2850    24117403 :         if (ATOMlinear(b->ttype)) {
    2851    24118053 :                 assert(b->tnosorted == 0 ||
    2852             :                        (b->tnosorted > 0 &&
    2853             :                         b->tnosorted < b->batCount));
    2854    24118053 :                 assert(!b->tsorted || b->tnosorted == 0);
    2855    24118053 :                 if (!isview1 &&
    2856    24118053 :                     !isview2 &&
    2857    16878165 :                     !b->tsorted &&
    2858    10086334 :                     b->tnosorted > 0 &&
    2859    10086334 :                     b->tnosorted < b->batCount)
    2860    10086337 :                         assert(cmpf(BUNtail(bi, b->tnosorted - 1),
    2861             :                                     BUNtail(bi, b->tnosorted)) > 0);
    2862    24118021 :                 assert(b->tnorevsorted == 0 ||
    2863             :                        (b->tnorevsorted > 0 &&
    2864             :                         b->tnorevsorted < b->batCount));
    2865    24118021 :                 assert(!b->trevsorted || b->tnorevsorted == 0);
    2866    24118021 :                 if (!isview1 &&
    2867    21009341 :                     !isview2 &&
    2868    17436920 :                     !b->trevsorted &&
    2869     5627487 :                     b->tnorevsorted > 0 &&
    2870     5627487 :                     b->tnorevsorted < b->batCount)
    2871     5627553 :                         assert(cmpf(BUNtail(bi, b->tnorevsorted - 1),
    2872             :                                     BUNtail(bi, b->tnorevsorted)) < 0);
    2873             :         }
    2874             :         /* if tkey property set, both tnokey values must be 0 */
    2875    24117323 :         assert(!b->tkey || (b->tnokey[0] == 0 && b->tnokey[1] == 0));
    2876    24117323 :         if (!isview1 &&
    2877    24117323 :             !isview2 &&
    2878    18279871 :             !b->tkey &&
    2879    18279871 :             (b->tnokey[0] != 0 || b->tnokey[1] != 0)) {
    2880             :                 /* if tkey not set and tnokey indicates a proof of
    2881             :                  * non-key-ness, make sure the tnokey values are in
    2882             :                  * range and indeed provide a proof */
    2883      434199 :                 assert(b->tnokey[0] != b->tnokey[1]);
    2884      434199 :                 assert(b->tnokey[0] < b->batCount);
    2885      434199 :                 assert(b->tnokey[1] < b->batCount);
    2886      434199 :                 assert(cmpf(BUNtail(bi, b->tnokey[0]),
    2887             :                             BUNtail(bi, b->tnokey[1])) == 0);
    2888             :         }
    2889             :         /* var heaps must have sane sizes */
    2890    24117128 :         assert(b->tvheap == NULL || b->tvheap->free <= b->tvheap->size);
    2891             : 
    2892    24117128 :         if (!b->tkey && !b->tsorted && !b->trevsorted &&
    2893    18712241 :             !b->tnonil && !b->tnil) {
    2894             :                 /* nothing more to prove */
    2895    18147942 :                 MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    2896    18145976 :                 return;
    2897             :         }
    2898             : 
    2899             :         /* only do a scan if the bat is not a view */
    2900     5969186 :         if (!isview1 && !isview2) {
    2901     4715073 :                 const ValRecord *prop;
    2902     4715073 :                 const void *maxval = NULL;
    2903     4715073 :                 const void *minval = NULL;
    2904     4715073 :                 const void *maxbound = NULL;
    2905     4715073 :                 const void *minbound = NULL;
    2906     4715073 :                 const bool notnull = BATgetprop_nolock(b, GDK_NOT_NULL) != NULL;
    2907     4712683 :                 bool seenmax = false, seenmin = false;
    2908     4712683 :                 bool seennil = false;
    2909             : 
    2910     4712683 :                 if ((prop = BATgetprop_nolock(b, GDK_MAX_BOUND)) != NULL)
    2911          12 :                         maxbound = VALptr(prop);
    2912     4711605 :                 if ((prop = BATgetprop_nolock(b, GDK_MIN_BOUND)) != NULL)
    2913        1228 :                         minbound = VALptr(prop);
    2914     4712430 :                 if (b->tmaxpos != BUN_NONE) {
    2915      440776 :                         assert(b->tmaxpos < BATcount(b));
    2916      440776 :                         maxval = BUNtail(bi, b->tmaxpos);
    2917      440726 :                         assert(cmpf(maxval, nilp) != 0);
    2918             :                 }
    2919     4711595 :                 if (b->tminpos != BUN_NONE) {
    2920      401588 :                         assert(b->tminpos < BATcount(b));
    2921      401588 :                         minval = BUNtail(bi, b->tminpos);
    2922      401574 :                         assert(cmpf(minval, nilp) != 0);
    2923             :                 }
    2924     4710813 :                 if (ATOMstorage(b->ttype) == TYPE_msk) {
    2925             :                         /* for now, don't do extra checks for bit mask */
    2926             :                         ;
    2927     4706717 :                 } else if (b->tsorted || b->trevsorted || !b->tkey) {
    2928             :                         /* if sorted (either way), or we don't have to
    2929             :                          * prove uniqueness, we can do a simple
    2930             :                          * scan */
    2931             :                         /* only call compare function if we have to */
    2932     4690179 :                         bool cmpprv = b->tsorted | b->trevsorted | b->tkey;
    2933             : 
    2934  2381540324 :                         BATloop(b, p, q) {
    2935  2377047862 :                                 valp = BUNtail(bi, p);
    2936  2377049588 :                                 bool isnil = cmpf(valp, nilp) == 0;
    2937  2278060208 :                                 assert(!isnil || !notnull);
    2938  2278060208 :                                 assert(!b->tnonil || !isnil);
    2939  2278060208 :                                 assert(b->ttype != TYPE_flt || !isinf(*(flt*)valp));
    2940  2278060208 :                                 assert(b->ttype != TYPE_dbl || !isinf(*(dbl*)valp));
    2941  2278060208 :                                 if (minbound && !isnil) {
    2942          30 :                                         cmp = cmpf(minbound, valp);
    2943          30 :                                         assert(cmp <= 0);
    2944             :                                 }
    2945  2278060208 :                                 if (maxbound && !isnil) {
    2946          30 :                                         cmp = cmpf(maxbound, valp);
    2947          30 :                                         assert(cmp > 0);
    2948             :                                 }
    2949  2278060208 :                                 if (maxval && !isnil) {
    2950    27989280 :                                         cmp = cmpf(maxval, valp);
    2951    27987810 :                                         assert(cmp >= 0);
    2952    27987810 :                                         seenmax |= cmp == 0;
    2953             :                                 }
    2954  2278058738 :                                 if (minval && !isnil) {
    2955     3126545 :                                         cmp = cmpf(minval, valp);
    2956     3126163 :                                         assert(cmp <= 0);
    2957     3126163 :                                         seenmin |= cmp == 0;
    2958             :                                 }
    2959  2278058356 :                                 if (prev && cmpprv) {
    2960  1260267831 :                                         cmp = cmpf(prev, valp);
    2961  1359255386 :                                         assert(!b->tsorted || cmp <= 0);
    2962  1359255386 :                                         assert(!b->trevsorted || cmp >= 0);
    2963  1359255386 :                                         assert(!b->tkey || cmp != 0);
    2964             :                                 }
    2965  2377045911 :                                 seennil |= isnil;
    2966  2377045911 :                                 if (seennil && !cmpprv &&
    2967      195839 :                                     maxval == NULL && minval == NULL &&
    2968      195759 :                                     minbound == NULL && maxbound == NULL) {
    2969             :                                         /* we've done all the checking
    2970             :                                          * we can do */
    2971             :                                         break;
    2972             :                                 }
    2973  2376850145 :                                 prev = valp;
    2974             :                         }
    2975             :                 } else {        /* b->tkey && !b->tsorted && !b->trevsorted */
    2976             :                         /* we need to check for uniqueness the hard
    2977             :                          * way (i.e. using a hash table) */
    2978       16538 :                         const char *nme = BBP_physical(b->batCacheid);
    2979       16538 :                         Hash *hs = NULL;
    2980       16538 :                         BUN mask;
    2981             : 
    2982       16538 :                         if ((hs = GDKzalloc(sizeof(Hash))) == NULL) {
    2983           0 :                                 TRC_WARNING(BAT_, "Cannot allocate hash table\n");
    2984           0 :                                 goto abort_check;
    2985             :                         }
    2986       16538 :                         if (snprintf(hs->heaplink.filename, sizeof(hs->heaplink.filename), "%s.thshprpl%x", nme, (unsigned) MT_getpid()) >= (int) sizeof(hs->heaplink.filename) ||
    2987       16538 :                             snprintf(hs->heapbckt.filename, sizeof(hs->heapbckt.filename), "%s.thshprpb%x", nme, (unsigned) MT_getpid()) >= (int) sizeof(hs->heapbckt.filename)) {
    2988             :                                 /* cannot happen, see comment in gdk.h
    2989             :                                  * about sizes near definition of
    2990             :                                  * BBPINIT */
    2991           0 :                                 GDKfree(hs);
    2992           0 :                                 TRC_CRITICAL(BAT_, "Heap filename is too large\n");
    2993           0 :                                 goto abort_check;
    2994             :                         }
    2995       16538 :                         if (ATOMsize(b->ttype) == 1)
    2996             :                                 mask = (BUN) 1 << 8;
    2997       16532 :                         else if (ATOMsize(b->ttype) == 2)
    2998             :                                 mask = (BUN) 1 << 16;
    2999             :                         else
    3000       16530 :                                 mask = HASHmask(b->batCount);
    3001       16538 :                         hs->heapbckt.parentid = b->batCacheid;
    3002       16538 :                         hs->heaplink.parentid = b->batCacheid;
    3003       16538 :                         if ((hs->heaplink.farmid = BBPselectfarm(
    3004       16538 :                                      TRANSIENT, b->ttype, hashheap)) < 0 ||
    3005       16538 :                             (hs->heapbckt.farmid = BBPselectfarm(
    3006       33076 :                                     TRANSIENT, b->ttype, hashheap)) < 0 ||
    3007       16538 :                             HASHnew(hs, b->ttype, BATcount(b),
    3008             :                                     mask, BUN_NONE, false) != GDK_SUCCEED) {
    3009           0 :                                 GDKfree(hs);
    3010           0 :                                 TRC_WARNING(BAT_, "Cannot allocate hash table\n");
    3011           0 :                                 goto abort_check;
    3012             :                         }
    3013    48862602 :                         BATloop(b, p, q) {
    3014    48846064 :                                 BUN hb;
    3015    48846064 :                                 BUN prb;
    3016    48846064 :                                 valp = BUNtail(bi, p);
    3017    48844174 :                                 bool isnil = cmpf(valp, nilp) == 0;
    3018    48863067 :                                 assert(!isnil || !notnull);
    3019    48863067 :                                 assert(b->ttype != TYPE_flt || !isinf(*(flt*)valp));
    3020    48863067 :                                 assert(b->ttype != TYPE_dbl || !isinf(*(dbl*)valp));
    3021    48863067 :                                 if (minbound && !isnil) {
    3022           0 :                                         cmp = cmpf(minbound, valp);
    3023           0 :                                         assert(cmp <= 0);
    3024             :                                 }
    3025    48863067 :                                 if (maxbound && !isnil) {
    3026           0 :                                         cmp = cmpf(maxbound, valp);
    3027           0 :                                         assert(cmp > 0);
    3028             :                                 }
    3029    48863067 :                                 if (maxval && !isnil) {
    3030        1627 :                                         cmp = cmpf(maxval, valp);
    3031        1627 :                                         assert(cmp >= 0);
    3032        1627 :                                         seenmax |= cmp == 0;
    3033             :                                 }
    3034    48863067 :                                 if (minval && !isnil) {
    3035        1627 :                                         cmp = cmpf(minval, valp);
    3036        1627 :                                         assert(cmp <= 0);
    3037        1627 :                                         seenmin |= cmp == 0;
    3038             :                                 }
    3039    48863067 :                                 prb = HASHprobe(hs, valp);
    3040    48924744 :                                 for (hb = HASHget(hs, prb);
    3041    56659804 :                                      hb != BUN_NONE;
    3042     7735060 :                                      hb = HASHgetlink(hs, hb))
    3043     7863423 :                                         if (cmpf(valp, BUNtail(bi, hb)) == 0)
    3044           0 :                                                 assert(!b->tkey);
    3045    48796381 :                                 HASHputlink(hs, p, HASHget(hs, prb));
    3046    48811855 :                                 HASHput(hs, prb, p);
    3047    48846064 :                                 assert(!b->tnonil || !isnil);
    3048    48846064 :                                 seennil |= isnil;
    3049             :                         }
    3050       16538 :                         HEAPfree(&hs->heaplink, true);
    3051       16538 :                         HEAPfree(&hs->heapbckt, true);
    3052       16538 :                         GDKfree(hs);
    3053             :                 }
    3054     4708861 :           abort_check:
    3055     4708861 :                 GDKclrerr();
    3056     4708851 :                 assert(maxval == NULL || seenmax);
    3057     4708851 :                 assert(minval == NULL || seenmin);
    3058     4708851 :                 assert(!b->tnil || seennil);
    3059             :         }
    3060     5962964 :         MT_lock_unset(&b->theaplock);
    3061             : }

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